I-pangasius iyaqhubeka ibe yi-protagonist yezifundo zesayensi ezicebisa ukuphepha ukusetyenziswa kwayo. Kangangeminyaka embalwa, iivenkile ezinkulu ziye zayeka ukuyithengisa, amakhaya abantu abalupheleyo awapheki yaye iikanti zesikolo azinikezi abantwana.
Abanye abantu abakafumani ukuba kutheni ukusetyenziswa kwabo kwehla, ke siyakuxelela malunga nophononongo olwenziwa yiDyunivesithi yaseLaguna (Tenerife). Ibe nguMbutho wezeMpilo weHlabathi othe waqala ukubeka isilumkiso ngokuxinana kwawo okuphezulu kweentsimbi ezifana nemekyuri.
Ixabiso layo eliphantsi, incasa ethambileyo, kunye nokuqina, ukuthungwa okuthambileyo kwenza idume kwihlabathi liphela. Nangona kunjalo, inokubeka umngcipheko ophezulu wokutyhelwa kokutya, ngoko kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba siyipheka ngokuchanekileyo.
Loluphi uhlobo lwentlanzi ipangasius?
Ngaphandle kokungathandabuzeki, i-pangasius yenye yeentlanzi ezidliwayo kakhulu kwihlabathi, kodwa ngokwemigangatho ye-mercury yaseYurophu, ayihambisani nemimiselo. Yintlanzi enemvelaphi yaseVietnam, ngakumbi isuka kuMlambo iMekong, yenye yezona zinto zinde emhlabeni kwaye yenye yezona zinto zingcolisekileyo.
Ikwaziwa njenge-basa, kwaye luhlobo lwentlanzi ekuthiwa yicatfish yosapho lwePangasiidae. Igama layo elisemthethweni lesayensi yiPangasius bocourti. Sisenokuba sikhe sayiva intlanzi yebasa ebizwa ngokuba yi-robbler yomlambo, i-Vietnamese cobbler, i-pangasius, okanye i-swai.
Inyama yayo inokukhanya okuqinileyo kunye nencasa yentlanzi ethambileyo, efana ne cod okanye ihake. Enyanisweni, ngamanye amaxesha kuthengiswa njengeentlanzi zeentlanzi ezingenamathambo kwaye zisetyenziswe ngendlela efanayo. Iintlanzi zePanga zizalelwa kwimilambo iMekong kunye neChao Phraya, equkuqela kumazwe aliqela akuMzantsi-mpuma weAsia.
Ngenxa yokuthandwa kwabo kunye nemfuno ephezulu yokuthumela ngaphandle, baphinde baphakanyiswe ngamanani amakhulu kwiipeni ezijikeleze uMlambo iMekong. Esi sesinye sezizathu zokuba idume kakhulu kungenxa yexabiso layo. Kutshiphu ukufuya, ngoko ke sixatyiswa ngokwexabiso, naxa sithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle.
Imingcipheko enokwenzeka yokusetyenziswa kwayo
Abaphandi abavela kwiYunivesithi yaseLaguna baye banomdla wokuphanda ingozi eyityhefu yemercury enokufaka isandla ekusetyenzisweni kwepangasius. Ngenxa yoku, baye bahlalutya 80 iisampulu yeefilthi ezikhenkcezisiweyo, ezigcinwe kwiihypermarket ezintathu ezahlukeneyo kwaye abathengi bokugqibela banokuthatha kwi-marinade okanye yendalo.
Kuye kwangqinwa ukuba i-pangasius kwi-marinade idlula imilinganiselo ephezulu kuvunyelwe ngumthetho waseYurophu kwi-0 mg / kg. «Emva kokuba ezi datha zifunyenwe kwaye zicingela ukusetyenziswa kweveki ye-350 grams ye-pangasius, ipesenti yegalelo kwi-Tolerable Weekly Intake (IST) ye-mercury yi-32 yeepesenti kunye ne-27,5 yeepesenti yabasetyhini kunye namadoda, ngokulandelanayo.«, waphawula u-Ángel J. Gutierrez, unjingalwazi oqeshiweyo weNdawo ye-Toxicology yeYunivesithi yaseLa Laguna.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukutya naluphi na uhlobo lwentlanzi luthwala imingcipheko ethile. Oku kungenxa yokuba intlanzi inokuqulatha ungcoliseko olusuka kwinkunkuma yamashishini efana nemekyuri kunye ne-polychlorinated biphenyls. Ezi zixhobo ziyakwazi ukuqokelela emzimbeni kwaye zibe nemiphumo eyityhefu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho abantu abakholelwa ukuba inzuzo yokutya intlanzi igqwesa nayiphi na ingozi enokubakho.
Olunye uphononongo lufumene iintsalela zentsimbi enzima kwipangasius ukuba zibe ngaphakathi kwemida ekhuselekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kuye kwacetyiswa ukuba indlela intlanzi ekhuliswa ngayo kunye nemekobume ehlala kuyo inokwenza esi silwanyana sibe kukutya okusemngciphekweni ophezulu. Amadama akhuliswe kuwo ayakwazi ukungcoliseka. Ukulawula oku, abalimi beentlanzi kufuneka basebenzise amachiza kunye namayeza ukulawula iintsholongwane kunye nezifunxi-gazi; la macandelo inokuchaphazela intlanzi.
Olunye uphononongo lufumanise ukuba i-pangasius engeniswe eVietnam ayihambelani nemigangatho yokhuseleko lwamazwe ngamazwe. Enyanisweni, intlanzi inokuthi iqulethe imilinganiselo yamachiza ezilwanyana, kuquka i-antibiotics, ekugxininiseni okungaphezu kwemida esemthethweni.
Olunye uphando luphinde lwaphawula ukuba i-70-80% ye-pangasius ethunyelwa kumazwe aseYurophu yayingcoliswe yi-Vibrio bacteria, isizathu esiqhelekileyo sokutya ukutya. Ukunciphisa umngcipheko wetyhefu yokutya, qiniseka ukuba upheka i-basa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ugweme ukuyidla eluhlaza okanye engaphekwanga.
Umxholo wezondlo ophantsi
Ezinye iingcali zezondlo zithi ukutya i-pangasius veki nganye akuyi kuba yingxaki yezempilo, ngokubhekiselele kwi-mercury. Kukho iintlanzi ezifana ityhuna, i-swordfish okanye ukrebe Banamanqanaba aphezulu e-mercury kune-pangasius, kodwa ixabiso labo lesondlo liphezulu kakhulu.
Njengezinye iintlobo zeentlanzi ezimhlophe, i-pangasius iphantsi kweekhalori kwaye icebile kwiprotheni ephezulu. Inxalenye ye-126 grams ibonelela:
- Amandla: 158 calories
- Iiprotheni: 22,5 gram
- Amafutha: 7 gram
- Amafutha ahluthayo: 2 grams
- Ikholesterol: 73 mg
- Iikhabhohayidrethi: 0 grams
- Isodiyam: 89 mg
Ngenxa yekhalori ephantsi kunye nomxholo ophezulu weprotheyini, ingaba kukutya okunenzuzo kwi-dieters, njengezinye iintlobo zeentlanzi ezimhlophe. Kwakhona iqulethe i-5 grams ye-unsaturated fat, kuquka ne-Omega-3 fatty acids. I-Omega-3 fatty acids ngamafutha abalulekileyo abalulekileyo ekugcineni umzimba kunye nempilo yobuchopho, ngakumbi njengoko ukhula. Nangona kunjalo, i-panga ayinayo ininzi yala manqatha, ngoko iba ngaphantsi kokucetyiswa.
I-Arhente yaseSpain yoKutya, uKhuseleko lokutya kunye neZondlo incoma ukuba ugweme i-pangasius kunye nokubheja kwezinye iintlanzi ezizinzileyo, zibonelela ngeeprotheyini ezininzi kunye namafutha anempilo kwaye, ngaphezu kwakho konke, zinencasa engcono.
Nangona iyi intlanzi engenamathambo exabiso eliphantsi, bekuya kuba bhetele ukuba abantwana bethu baziqhelanise nenkalakahla yabo kwezinye iintlobo zencasa. Nangona kunjalo, akufanele siyeke ukuyithatha ngenxa yomxholo wesinyithi, ukuba oko kuyinkxalabo yethu.