Umzimba wethu uneendidi ezimbini zamafutha, abizwa ngokuba ngamanqatha amdaka namhlophe. Eyokuqala ikwabizwa ngokuba ngamafutha amdaka kwaye inoxanduva lokugcina ubushushu bomzimba obufanelekileyo, kunye nokusetyenziswa njengamafutha. Endaweni yoko, amanqatha amhlophe ngawona simthiyile sonke ngokusenza sibe nawo izibambo zothando. Amafutha amdaka agcinwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba, njengentamo, intambo yomgogodla, okanye izintso; nini umzimba uyabanda yenza esi sihlunu sisebenzise iswekile yegazi kunye namafutha ukwenza ubushushu.
Kodwa ngaba olu hlobo lwamafutha lusempilweni?
Iqela labaphandi abavela kwiYunivesithi yaseRutgers lenziwe Isifundo apho baye bafumanisa ukuba amafutha amdaka anokunceda ukuhluza umzimba kwaye asuse i-amino acids esisiseko kunye ne-branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) egazini. Phakathi kwezi kukho i-leucine, isoleucine kunye ne-valine, ezinxulumene ngokusondeleyo nokutyeba kunye nesifo seswekile ukuba zigcinwe ngobuninzi.
Los BCAAs Zifumaneka kukutya okunje ngamaqanda, inyama, intlanzi, inkukhu kunye nobisi, kodwa kukho iimbaleki ezikhetha ukuzisebenzisa ngendlela yezongezelelo zokwandisa ubunzima bezihlunu. Kuyabonakala ukuba ezi zinto ziluncedo ukuphucula imetabolism kunye nokusebenza yabadlali, kodwa a ukusetyenziswa kakhulu Inxulunyaniswa neemeko zokutyeba kakhulu kunye nesifo seswekile. Izongezelelo ze-BCAA zenzelwe abo banamafutha amdaka asebenzayo, kodwa anokuba yingozi kwabo bangenalo olu hlobo lwamafutha amdaka (abadala, abatyebe kakhulu, okanye abanesifo seswekile) njengoko bengayi kuba namandla afanayo okuphelisa.
Into abayithethayo kolu phononongo kukuba olu hlobo lwamafutha lunokusikhusela ekutyebeni nakwiswekile, kuba lusebenza ngcono kunamafutha amhlophe ukuphelisa ezi amino acid. Nangona kunjalo, uphando oluninzi luyafuneka ukujonga ukuba kutheni abanye abantu benalo olu hlobo lwamafutha kwaye abanye abanalo, okanye ukuba lunokusebenza njani. Ngaba banokwenza iziyobisi ezandisa isixa emzimbeni?
Iprotheni ye-SLC25A44 iphethe yonke into
Uphando lwafumanisa ukuba iprotheni entsha, I-SLC25A44, inoxanduva lokulawula umlinganiselo amafutha amdaka asusa ngawo ii-amino acids egazini aze azisebenzisele ukuvelisa amandla nobushushu. Oku kufunyaniswe kuthathe ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20 ukusombulula, nangona izazinzulu zirhanela ubukho bomthuthi wemitochondrial. BCAAs. Isinyathelo esilandelayo kukufunda indlela yokuyilawula ukuze ikwazi ukususa ii-BCAA ezininzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye iphucule impilo ye-metabolic.
Nangona kunjalo, abaphandi basafuna ukwazi ukuba ukufunxwa kwe-BCAAs ngamafutha amdaka kunokulawulwa yimiba yokusingqongileyo, njengokuvezwa kubushushu obubandayo okanye ukusetyenziswa kokutya okuneziqholo, okanye ngamayeza.