Kuxhomekeka kukhetho lwethu, impilo yethu neyomntwana, abanye abafazi basenokukhetha ukubelekela esibhedlele, kwiziko lokubelekela okanye ekhaya. Bayanda abafazi abakhetha ukuzalwa emanzini njengendlela abantwana babo beza ngayo emhlabeni.
Ngexesha lokuzalwa kwamanzi, umama untywiliselwa emanzini, ngokuqhelekileyo kwibhafu evuzayo, kwaye uya kubelekela usana emanzini. Unokukhetha kwakhona ukuchitha iincindiso emanzini kwaye uhambise ngaphandle. Oku kunokuba lukhetho oluhle ukuba sifuna iinzuzo ze hydrotherapy, kunye neengenelo zokubelekela esibhedlele.
Yintoni ukuzala emanzini?
Abanye abafazi babika ukuba amanzi anciphisa iintlungu zokuqhawula kunye neentlungu zokubeleka ngokwazo. Ngelishwa, ukuba ufumana i-epidural, akunakwenzeka ukuzala emanzini. Oku kungenxa yesidingo sokuhlola indawo ye-epidural kwaye uyigcine inyumba kwaye ikhuselekile. Igesi nomoya zinokufakwa ngoxa sisemanzini, kodwa kuya kufuneka siphume ukuba sinenaliti yokuthomalalisa iintlungu njengepethidine, enokubangela ukozela. Ungabuyela emva kweeyure ezimbalwa, xa iziphumo zenaliti ziphelile.
Unako okanye ungabi ngumviwa ofanelekileyo wokuzalwa kwamanzi ukuba uthwele amawele okanye ukuphindaphinda komyalelo ophezulu. Oku kukhulelwa kusemngciphekweni ophezulu wokuzalwa kwangaphambi kwexesha kunye nezinye iingxaki ezinokudinga ukubekwa esweni okusondeleyo ngexesha lokubeleka kunye nokubeleka.
ukubeleka emanzini esibhedlele
Ukuba sifuna ukuzalwa emanzini esibhedlele, kukho izinto ezintle kunye nezinye iingxaki. Izibhedlele zinamagumbi okubelekela axhotyiswe ngokupheleleyo kwaye abanye basetyhini baziva bekhuselekile kwindawo yesibhedlele njengoko kukho ukufikelela ngokukhawuleza kungenelelo xa belufuna.
Ukuba ubeleka kwindawo eqhutywa ngababelekisi okanye esibhedlele, kuya kubakho amagumbi anikezelweyo anegumbi lokuhlambela elikhulu elikhethekileyo apho unokubelekela khona okanye ungene ngaphakathi ukuze uncede ukunciphisa iintlungu zokubeleka. La machibi okuzala anenkqubo ekhethekileyo yemibhobho. Bahlala benezibane ezijikelezayo ngaphakathi najikelele kumadama okuzala.
Nangona kunjalo, kunokubakho iimeko esibhedlele apho kungekho basebenzi baneleyo okanye amachibi akhoyo. Ke ngoko, imiqathango eyongezelelekileyo inokubekwa kowasetyhini ukuqinisekisa ukuba akangeni equleni kwakamsinyane phambi kokuba kuqalwe ukubeleka. Oku kukuthintela owasetyhini ongamiselwanga ncam ekubelekeni ukuba avale idama lokuqubha.
ukuzalwa kwamanzi ekhaya
Ekhaya, idama lokubeleka lidla ngokuvutheka kwaye luxanduva lwesibini esibelekayo ukuligcwalisa, likhuphe, kwaye licoceke emva koko. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba uzalelwe amanzi ekhaya ngokurenta ichibi elinomoya. Umbelekisi uya kuwathatha amaxesha ngamaxesha ukuqinisekisa ukuba umama akatshi kakhulu. Akuyomfuneko ukuba uhlale usemanzini ngalo lonke ixesha. Ungangena kwaye uphume njengoko ubona kufanelekile. Nesibini singangena equleni ukuba siyathanda.
Ukuzala kudla ngokucotha okanye kuyeka xa owasetyhini eziva esoyika okanye engaqinisekanga. Le yinto enokwenzeka xa umfazi ephuma endlwini yakhe esiya esibhedlele. Ngoxa umsebenzi wasekhaya ngokuqhelekileyo awuxhomekekanga kangako kulo mphumo kunokuba kunjalo ngamabhinqa kwimekobume yentsapho yawo. Izibini kunye namanye amalungu osapho anokuhamba ngokukhululekileyo kwaye kulula ukufikelela ekutyeni naseziselo. Oku kuya kuba sisigqibo esifanelekileyo kwabanye abafazi. Abanye banokuziva bekhuselekile xa besesibhedlele okanye kwiziko lokubelekela.
Izinzuzo
Ukuzalwa kwamanzi kuye kwaziwa kakhulu kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje. Iingcali ze-gynecologists zivuma izibonelelo ezithile, kodwa azicebisi ukuba zibe semanzini ezidlulileyo kwisigaba sokuqala sokubeleka, xa umlomo wesibeleko uhlanjululwe ngokupheleleyo. Kananjalo abacebisi ukuzala emanzini.
Ukuntywiliselwa emanzini kwinqanaba lokuqala lomsebenzi kunokunceda ukunciphisa ixesha lokusebenza. Ukusetyenzwa emanzini kunokunciphisa imfuno ye-epidurals okanye ezinye iintlungu zomqolo.
Uphononongo oluncinane lubonise ukuba abasetyhini abazalela emanzini banokuba ne- isantya esisezantsi sokubeleka (ipesenti ze-13,2 vs. 32,9 ekhulwini). Ayiphelelanga apho, kodwa abasetyhini abazise emanzini banike ingxelo yoxinzelelo oluncinci lokuzibamba emva kweentsuku ezingama-42 emva kokubeleka kunabo bazibelekayo emhlabeni. Amaphononongo amakhulu ayafuneka ukuqinisekisa ezi ziphumo.
Abasetyhini ababeleka emanzini nabo baxela a ulwaneliseko olukhulu ngokuzala. Ukufudumala kwamanzi kunye nokungabi nasisindo ngokuqhelekileyo kunika indawo yokuzala ngaphandle kokuqhawula.
Unxibelelwano
Ngokubanzi, kucetyiswa ukuba kusetyenzwe ngamanzi kubasetyhini phakathi kweeveki ezingama-37 kunye neeveki ezingama-41, iintsuku ezi-6 zokumitha. Kukho ezinye izikhokelo, ezibandakanya ukukhulelwa okusemngciphekweni ophantsi, ulwelo olucacileyo lwe-amniotic fluid, kunye nosana olujonge phantsi. Ukubeleka emanzini akunakucetyiswa kubasetyhini ababeleke ngaphambi kwexesha okanye abaye babeleka kabini okanye ngaphezulu kwangaphambili ngoqhaqho.
Umngcipheko wosulelo
Ukuzalwa kwamanzi kuthetha ukuhlala, ukutyhala, kunye nokuzisa ebhafini, rhoqo kuquka ilindle. Usana oluzalelwe kwindawo enjalo lusenokuwaginya loo manzi angcolileyo, nto leyo eyandisa ingozi yokwasulelwa. Kuxhomekeke ekubeni ngubani esimcelayo, ukuba nokwenzeka kosulelo kuyahluka kuba idatha ilinganiselwe. Nangona kunjalo, akukho ndlela yokwenza amanzi angabikho kwizinto ezingcolileyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ibhafu ingcoliseka zizityalo ezikwilungu lobufazi kunye ne-rectal xa umama ehleli ebhafini, nokuba amanzi akananyumba.
Usana oluginya amanzi okuhlamba lusemngciphekweni wokufumana usulelo. Iintsana zicwangciswe ngokwemfuza nangokwasemzimbeni ukuba ziphefumle umoya wazo wokuqala, hayi amanzi, kwimizuzwana nje yokubeleka kwentloko yazo. Bane "diving reflex" evala ngokukhawuleza i-airways yabo kwaye ibathintele ekuphefumleni amanzi, kodwa ezinye iimeko zinokubangela ukuba baphefumle amanzi:
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba naxa iibhaktheriya ezosulelayo zikhutshwa ngexesha lokuziswa, akukho nto inyukayo okanye ingena. Ke ngoko, umngcipheko wosulelo lwenzeka kuphela xa umntwana ephefumla kwakamsinya (ababelekisi kunye nababelekisi baqeqeshelwa ukunciphisa loo mngcipheko) okanye ukuba isixhobo asivalwanga kakuhle.
Umngcipheko we-Meconium aspiration
Eli gama lezonyango lithetha ukuba usana luye lwaphuma amathumbu okokuqala ngaphambi kokuba luzalwe luze luphefumlele i-amniotic fluid engcolileyo, nto leyo ebangela iingxaki zokuphefumla.
Oogqirha kunye nababelekisi banokuxela ukuba oku kwenzekile xa amanzi eqhekeza kuba i-meconium idla ngokuba luhlaza, incangathi, ijiyile kwaye ijiyile. Izilumkiso ezongezelelweyo kufuneka zithathwe xa intshukumo yokuqala yamathumbu isenzeka ngaphambi kokuziswa. Ugqirha okanye umbelekisi ufuna ukufikelela ngoko nangoko kusana ukuze lucoce indlela yalo yokuphefumla, nto leyo edla ngokuthetha ukubeleka ngomqolo.
ingozi yenyumoniya
Nangona amaphononongo abalulekileyo angekabonakali eyona pesenti yeziganeko zenyumoniya ekuzalweni kwamanzi, yenye yeengozi. Ukuthintela inyumoniya, amanzi kufuneka ahlale efudumele, kwaye umntwana kufuneka aphume ngokukhawuleza emva kokubeleka.
Inyumoniya idla ngokuvela kwiiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kwezingama-48 emva kokuzalwa kwaye ibangwa kukunqwenela i-meconium, ukungcoliseka kobundle, kunye neebhaktheriya ezivela emanzini okuhlamba. Kukwakho neengxelo zemeko yeentsana ezibulawa yinyumoniya emva kokubeleka emanzini oko kwaba sisiphumo esithe ngqo sokusela amanzi angcolileyo. Njengoko uninzi lokubelekela emanzini lwenziwa ekhaya okanye kwiziko lokubelekela elizimeleyo, luncinane 'uphando' olwenziwayo.
umngcipheko wokurhaxwa
Apho kukho amanzi, kukho umngcipheko wokurhaxwa. Olunye uphononongo ludwelisa ukurhaxwa nokufuthaniselwa njengeengozi zemveku ekuzalweni kwamanzi. Ngenxa yeengxaki, usana lunokuhlala phantsi kwamanzi ixesha elide kwaye imiphunga yalo isenokuzaliswa ngamanzi.
Iingcali zonyango zenza konke okusemandleni ukuthintela oku ngokubeka usana ngentloko phezu kwamanzi ukuze lukwazi ukufumana ioksijini eyaneleyo yokuphefumla ngokukhawuleza lwakuba luzelwe.
Umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwentambo ye-umbilical
Iintambo ezimfutshane zenkaba zinokubophelela umntwana ongekazalwa ngaphantsi kwamanzi okanye akrazuke, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuphulukaneni negazi lomntwana. Iinyembezi zoomama kunokuba nzima ukuzihlola phantsi kwamanzi, kwaye oomama basenokopha kakhulu. Iindaba ezilungileyo kukuba intambo emfutshane ngokwaneleyo ukuba ibangele isiganeko esinjalo inqabile.
Ngexesha lokuzalwa kwamanzi, umntwana udla ngokuphakama ngokukhawuleza phezulu, entloko kuqala. Oku kuhamba ngokukhawuleza kuya kubavumela ukuba baqalise ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza, kodwa kukho umngcipheko wokuba intambo ye-umbilical inokuphuka. Inkaba eyaphukileyo inokubeka ubomi esichengeni, njengoko usana olungekazalwa lungopha ngokukhululekileyo de luyeke. Ngokuqhelekileyo iphathwa ngokulula ngokuyibamba intambo. Idla ngokukhokelela kwi-anemia yosana kunayo nayiphi na enye into.
Ixabiso elingakanani?
Ukuzalwa kwamanzi esibhedlele kunokubiza okufanayo nokuzalwa kwemvelo yelungu lobufazi. Kwiimeko ezininzi, uninzi okanye inxalenye yonikezelo lwesibhedlele luhlawulelwa yi-inshurensi yezempilo okanye uKhuseleko lweNtlalo eSpain. Ngaphandle kwe-inshurensi, ukuhanjiswa kwe-vaginal kunokubiza phakathi kwe-$ 5.000 kunye ne-$ 10.000, nangona iindleko zihluka ngendawo kunye nendawo.
Amaxabiso okuhanjiswa kwindawo nganye anokwahluka ngokwendawo, kodwa aphantsi ngokubanzi kuneendleko zesibhedlele (ukuba akahlawulwanga yimpilo yoluntu). Kwimeko ye-inshurensi yabucala, amaxesha amaninzi ukuzalelwa ekhaya akuhlawulwa. Xa ukhetha iqela eliya kunceda ekuzalweni kwakho kwamanzi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ucele ukuchithwa okupheleleyo kwamaxabiso alindelekileyo.
Ezinye iingcali zibonelela ngeebhabhu zokubeleka njengenxalenye yeenkonzo zabo. Ngaphandle koko, ixabiso lokurenta okanye lokuthenga ibhafu yokubeleka nalo liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo kunye nezinto esizikhethayo. Isiseko esine-lining sinokubiza ngaphantsi kwee-euro ezingama-300, umzekelo. Amaxabiso okurenta amalunga nexabiso elifanayo. Ezinye izixhobo ziya kufuneka nazo, ngoko cwangcisa ngokufanelekileyo.