Kangangeminyaka, iingcali zokhathalelo lwamehlo ziye zacebisa umthambo wamehlo njengendlela yokunciphisa ukubona kufutshane. Nangona kunjalo, emva kwezifundo ezininzi kunye novavanyo, izazinzulu ezivela kwi-American Academy of Ophthalmology zabika ngo-2004 ukuba akukho bungqina bokuba ukuzivocavoca kwamehlo okufana nendlela yeBates okanye ezinye iindlela zokuhamba kwamehlo zinempembelelo ekunciphiseni i-myopia.
Kutheni imithambo ye-myopia ingasebenzi
Into yokuqala okumele uyiqonde kukuba i-myopia ayikho imfuza. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ipseudomyopia yenzeka kuqala, ilandelwe yi-lens-induced myopia eqhubekayo. Ngokuqonda indlela le ngxaki yamehlo esebenza ngayo, umntu unokuqalisa ukusebenzisa ngokusebenzayo ukuba ingaba umthambo wamehlo wokujonga ngokusondeleyo unokujongana nonobangela. Ukuba awujongani nonobangela, ke umthambo wamehlo awukwazi ukulungisa i-myopia.
Ukubona kufutshane kubangelwa kukusondela kakhulu kuqala (pseudomyopia) kunye nokufiphala kwe-hyperopic ngenxa yokunxitywa kwelensi encinci (iiglasi, i-myopia eqhubekayo) kamva. Nangona abanye abantu becinga ukuba umthambo wamehlo we-myopia ujongana nengxaki yokusondelelana kakhulu, inyani yeyokuba ayisebenzi ngolo hlobo.
Ukuzivocavoca kwamehlo ukujonga kufutshane akubhekiseli kunobangela we-myopia eqhubekayo, ngoko abanako ukusebenza, ngenkcazo. Liyinyaniso elokuba unokufumana isiqabu okwexeshana, imvakalelo yokuphucuka ekuvavanyeni kwakho umngeni. Kodwa nangona olu qheliselo lungayi kunyanga ukubona kufutshane, lunokunceda umntu ukuba abone kakuhle kwaye anciphise ubunzima bamehlo. Oku kunokunceda kwiingxaki ezinjengeentloko ezinxulumene nombono, ngakumbi kubantu abangakhange banyangwe ngokungaboni kakuhle.
Ukuzivocavoca okudumileyo ukunciphisa i-myopia
Apha ngezantsi siza kuxubusha ezinye zemithambo yamehlo ethandwa kakhulu, esekwe kwingcinga engeyonyani yokuba banento yokwenza noWilliam Bates wodumo lomthambo wamehlo othandabuzekayo.
Uqeqesho olubonwayo
Usenokuba uyazi ukuba kukho iindlela zokuqeqesha umbono wakho, njengezo mithambo ezenzelwe ukuphucula umbono wezemidlalo okanye ezo zinceda ukujolisa amehlo. Ezi ntlobo zomthambo ziyawanceda amehlo asempilweni, kunye nabantu abonzakeleyo ebuchotsheni ekufuneka bafunde indlela yokubuyisela umbane kunye namehlo abo kwakhona.
Kwelinye icala, ukuba ungumyopic, akukho mthambo ukuze amehlo akho abone kakuhle kwakhona. Kanye njengokuba kungekho mthambo wamehlo ukuthintela imeko yakho yokubona kufutshane ukuba ibe mandundu.
Ukuba uthe wasebenzisa amehlo akho kwaye abonakala ephucukile, i-American Academy of Ophthalmology iphawula ukuba ukuphucuka kokubona kakuhle emva koqeqesho akubangelwa lutshintsho oluthile lomzimba lube ngcono. Olu phuculo lubangelwa yindlela yokutolika imifanekiso engacacanga, ukuguquka kwemizwelo okanye utshintsho olwenziwa kukukrazuka okwethutyana emehlweni.
Iindlela zoqeqesho lwamehlo kwi-myopia
Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokunyakaza kwamehlo, njengokujikeleza kwamehlo kwisangqa okanye ukugxila kwizinto ezihambayo, zinconywa ukuba zizuze imali (ukuba iingcebiso zihlawuliswa) okanye njengendlela yokunciphisa imfuno yeglasi kubantu be-myopic. Omnye wezo mithambo inokuba kukujolisa ukujonga kwakho kwizibane ezidanyazayo.
Izazinzulu zikruqukile ngamabango aphikisayo okuba umthambo wamehlo unciphisa ukubona kufutshane. Kuphela ziingxaki zokugxila, ukubona kabini okanye iingxaki zokuhlangana kwe-ocular ezixhamlayo kwezi mithambo.
Ukuba i-myopic, kuphela i-ophthalmologist yakho inokukunceda. Thembela iingcebiso kunye nogwebo lwabo.
Umgaqo 20-20-20
Uxinzelelo lwamehlo yingxaki yokwenyani kubantu abaninzi. Amehlo omntu akafanelanga ukuba ancanyathiselwe kwinto enye kangangexesha elide. Ukuba usebenza phambi kwekhompyutheni yonke imini, umthetho we-20-20-20 unokunceda ukuthintela ukunyanzeliswa kwamehlo edijithali. Ukuphumeza lo mgaqo, yonke imizuzu engama-20, jonga into engama-20 yeemitha kude kwimizuzwana engama-20.
Yintoni imithambo yeBates?
Uninzi lwemithambo yamehlo yokujonga kufutshane luthatyathwe kuqheliselo olwenziwe nguWilliam Bates, ingcali yamehlo yaseMelika. Wakhuthaza unyango olulolunye lwe-myopia, olusekwe kwinto yokuba ingqondo inendima ebalulekileyo ekubangeleni okanye ekuphuculeni i-myopia, ebizwa ngokuba yi-Bates method.
Imisebenzi yakhe emithathu yaba:
- Beka iintende zezandla zakho kwi-cheekbones yakho kwaye ukhulule amehlo akho njengoko ucima isibane.
- Gcoba elangeni okanye ujike amehlo akho ekukhanyeni kwelanga ngelixa uhambisa intloko yakho emva naphambili.
- Gcoba kakuhle umzimba wakho emva naphambili njengoko ugxininise amehlo akho kumnwe obekwe phambi kobuso bakho.
Indlela ye-Bates ayiqatshelwa okanye igunyaziswe ngoogqirha bamehlo. Enyanisweni, ezinye iingcali zibonisa ukuba le ndlela isekelwe kubuxoki be-anatomical ukuba izihlunu zangaphandle zilawula iliso. Kwaye eneneni, iliso linendlela yalo yangaphakathi yokugxila. Ke ukuba ubona kufutshane, yeka ukwenza imithambo yamehlo kuba ayizukuphucula umbono wakho.
Phucula amehlo ngendlela eyiyo
Olona luvo lungcono lokuphucula i-myopia ayilulo ukuzivocavoca, kodwa imikhwa. Ngemikhwa elungileyo, umbono unokuphuculwa kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, akukho ndlela ilula yokutyhila sonke isihloko esikhulu sesizathu sokungaboni kakuhle, umthambo wamehlo, kunye nokuphuculwa kombono kwisithuba esinye.
- I-stimulus iya kuphucula amehlo akho. Uvuselelo olusekelwe kumkhwa, kunokuba unyanzeliso lweliso lokusebenzisa irejimeni-based stimulus. Ukwindlela elungileyo “yokuzilolonga,” nangona indlela ingakusi apho ubulindele khona.
- Thatha ikhefu rhoqo. Ukujonga isikrini sekhompyuter, okanye ukufunda umbhalo oshicilelweyo, ixesha elide kunokubangela i-eyestrain kunye nezinye iingxaki, ngoko seta i-alam yokususa amehlo akho emsebenzini wakho rhoqo ngemizuzu engama-20.
- Zikhusele kwimitha ye-ultraviolet. Ukunxiba iindondo ezimnyama ngeentsuku ezinelanga eliqaqambileyo kuya kuthintela imitha yelanga eyi-UVA neUVB eyingozi.
- Yitya kakuhle. Ukubandakanya iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokutya okunempilo ekutyeni kwakho kunokuncedisa ekuqinisekiseni ukuba amehlo akho afumana zonke izondlo ezifunekayo ukuze ahlale esempilweni.