Blue shi ne launi da ya fi shahara a duniya, amma launin ba kasafai yake faruwa a yanayi ba, don haka masana'antun sun yi amfani da rini na wucin gadi da sinadarai don ƙirƙirar abinci mai shuɗi. Wannan zai iya canzawa ba da daɗewa ba, yanzu da aka gano launin shuɗi na halitta a cikin jan kabeji.
Masana kimiyya daga shahararren Kamfanin Candy na Mars sun gano alamun anthocyanin, wani pigment wanda ke ba da abinci ja, purple, shuɗi, da baƙi launin su, waɗanda aka sanya launin shuɗi. Sun sami damar haɓaka wannan adadin ta hanyar kula da anthocyanins masu launin ja a cikin kabeji tare da enzyme mai zane wanda ya juya su shuɗi.
A cikin 2016, Mars Wrigley ta sanar da cewa za ta daina amfani da launuka na wucin gadi a cikin kayan abinci na 2021. Amma masu binciken kamfanin sun kasance suna neman launi na "blue" na halitta don samfurori kamar su. M&Ms da Skittles sama da shekaru goma tare da iyakacin nasara.
Me yasa kabeji ke samar da launin shudi?
Don gwada shi, mai binciken ya yi amfani da sabon shudinsa don yin ice cream mai launin cyan da sauran kayayyaki, wanda sun ajiye kalansu na tsawon wata guda.
Blue launuka ne a zahiri quite rare a yanayi. Yawancin su jajaye ne a zahiri. Wannan shi ne saboda ana buƙatar jerin hadaddun sifofi na ƙwayoyin cuta don ɗaukar madaidaiciyar madaidaicin tsayin haske don ba da wani abu launin shuɗi, bisa ga New Scientist.
La ja kabeji Ana amfani da shi sosai azaman launin abinci na halitta, musamman don ƙirƙirar ja da shunayya masu ƙarfi. Amma adadin launin shuɗi a cikin kayan lambu ya yi ƙanƙanta don yin launin abinci mai amfani. Mafi rinjaye anthocyanin a cikin ja kabeji shine, ba abin mamaki ba, ja. Masu binciken sun fahimci cewa idan za su iya amfani da enzyme don juya jan anthocyanin zuwa shuɗi, za su sami aiki da yawa.
Amma gano madaidaicin haɗin sunadarai don tsara wannan enzyme ba aiki mai sauƙi ba ne. Ta amfani da hanyoyin lissafi, ƙungiyar ta duba"babban adadin yuwuwar jerin furotin, 10 zuwa ikon 20, [ko] fiye da adadin taurari a sararin samaniya.", don haɓaka ingantaccen enzyme.
Sakamakon shine blue blue, bisa ga rahoton da aka buga a ranar 7 ga Afrilu a cikin Mujallar Kimiyya Ci gaban, cewa za a iya amfani da shi a matsayin madadin madadin kayan abinci mai launin shuɗi.
Sun gwada launinsa ta hanyar yin shuɗin ice cream, lu'u-lu'u masu lu'u-lu'u, da icing donuts. Dukkanin samfuran sun kiyaye launin su na tsawon kwanaki 30, a cewar rahoton, wanda bai nuna yadda suka ɗanɗana ba.
Sauran Abincin da Suma Mai Ruwan Ruwa
Ko da yake har yanzu FDA ba ta amince da shi ba, anthocyanin a cikin kabeji shine madadin halitta ga launuka na wucin gadi da kuma mafita ga kalubalen launin shudi wanda ya dade yana fuskantar masana'antar abinci. Dangane da matakan pH, anthocyanins na iya bayyana ja, Moradas, azules ko ma baki. Suna da yawa a cikin abinci kamar cherries, cranberries, inabi, wake baki kuma masara shuɗi
Rini mai launin shuɗi na wucin gadi na yau da kullun shine Brilliant Blue FCF, wanda kuma aka sani da Blue Number 1. Ana amfani dashi a cikin abubuwan sha masu laushi, alewar auduga, ice cream, hatsi, har ma da Blue Curacao liqueur, da kuma a cikin sabulu iri-iri, shampoos, da kayan shafawa. Madaidaicin inuwa mai launin shuɗi kuma yana da mahimmanci don ƙirƙirar wasu launuka; idan ba daidai ba, za ku ƙare da launin ruwan kasa mai laka maimakon kore ko purple.
A cewar FDA, Brilliant Blue FCF baya cutarwa ga jiki, amma tunda an yi shi daga samfuran da aka samo daga man feturBa daidai da abokantaka ga muhalli ba, ko dai. Kuma abin da jiki bai sha ba babu makawa ya koma kasa da ruwan sha.
A bara, masana kimiyyar Cambridge sun gano wata shuka wacce ke da dabarar samar da shudi kwatankwacin wanda tsuntsaye, beetles da butterflies ke amfani da su. viburnum tinnitus, wani shrub na Turai da ba a taɓa gani ba, yana amfani da kitse a bangon tantanin halitta don mayar da 'ya'yan itacen shuɗi mai ban sha'awa.
Yawancin launuka a cikin yanayi sun kasance saboda pigments, amma wasu daga cikin mafi haske, kamar gashin tsuntsu, fuka-fukan malam buɗe ido, da opals, sun fito ne daga abubuwan ciki. Wannan shi ake kira launi tsari da kuma yadda aka tsara tsarin ya ƙayyade irin launuka da za su iya nunawa.