Ruwan zuma ruwa ne na sirop wanda ƙudan zuma ke yin shi daga ƙoramar shuka. Ƙaunar duniya don zaƙi da zurfin dandano, ana amfani da shi a yawancin abinci da girke-girke.
Kamshi, launi, da ɗanɗanon zuma sun bambanta dangane da nau'in furannin da aka yi da ita, shi ya sa ake samun iri marasa adadi. Zuma tana da fa'idodin kiwon lafiya da yawa kuma tana taka rawa a yawancin magungunan gida da madadin magunguna.
Yaya ake samun zuma?
Muna ɗauka cewa kudan zuma ne ke samar da wannan abincin, amma mun tabbata ba ku san yadda ake samar da shi ba. Yana da ma'ana don tunanin cewa yana da dabi'a, tun da yake an samo shi daga nectar na furanni. Ƙudan zuma suna ziyartar ɗaruruwan furanni kuma suna shiga cikin "ciki" da aka yi nufin zuma. Akwai enzymes masu narkewa suna aiki akan sucrose a cikin nectar don karya shi zuwa glucose da fructose.
Hankali ga wannan tsari: kowace ƙudan zuma za ta sake yayyafa wannan ƙudan zuma ta tofa ta a cikin bakin wani kudan, sai a maimaita ta daban (na tsawon kamar minti 20) har sai ta gama narkewa cikin ɗanyen zuma. Kudan zuma sun tofa danyen zumar a cikin sel na tsefe, suna murza fikafikansu don bushewa, sannan su rufe samfurin da kakin zuma. A ilimin kimiyya, tsakanin kashi 17 zuwa 20% na zuma ana yin su ne da ruwa, amma sauran dandano da launinta ya dogara da furen da ta fito.
An yi nazari sosai game da abubuwan da ke tattare da zuma kuma ana tunanin cewa akwai mahadi sama da 200. Kimanin kashi 90-95% shine sukari, sannan kuma ruwa, Organic acid da mahadi na ma'adinai. The sukari a halin yanzu sun hada da monosaccharides (fructose da glucose); disaccharides: maltose, sucrose, maltose, turanose, isomaltose, laminaribiose, nigerose, kojibiose, gentiobiose da B-trehalose; da trisaccharides (maltotriose, erose, melezitose, centose 3-a5, isomaltosylglucose, l-kestose, isomaltotriose, panose, isopanose, da theanderose). Duk waɗannan suna nan ba tare da la'akari da irin zumar da muke sha ba.
Bugu da kari, zuma kuma ya ƙunshi tsakanin 4 zuwa 5% na fructo-oligosaccharides. Fructooligosaccharides sune abubuwa marasa narkewa waɗanda zasu iya taimakawa wajen tallafawa lafiyar narkewa, saboda sune tushen tushen prebiotics. Sauran mahadi da aka samu sune amino acid, bitamin (B1, B2, B3, B6 da C), calcium, iron, zinc, da potassium, da dai sauransu.
Kayan abinci
Abin da ke cikin sinadirai na danyen zuma ya bambanta dangane da asalinsa da sauran dalilai. Hakanan ya ƙunshi ƙananan adadin calcium, magnesium, manganese, niacin, pantothenic acid, phosphorous, potassium, riboflavin, da zinc. Bugu da ƙari, ɗanyen zuma shine tushen adadin adadin amino acid, enzymes, da sauran mahadi masu amfani.
cokali daya (gram 20) na zuma yana dauke da:
- Makamashi: 61 adadin kuzari
- Kitse: gram 0
- Protein: gram 0
- Carbohydrates: 17 g
- Fiber: 0 gram
- Riboflavin: 1% na ƙimar yau da kullun
- Copper: 1%
Honey shine ainihin sukari mai tsafta, ba shi da mai kuma kawai ana gano adadin furotin da fiber. Yana ƙunshe da ƙananan wasu sinadarai, amma yawancin mutane ba sa cinye zuma sosai don sanya ta zama tushen abinci mai mahimmanci na bitamin da ma'adanai. Duk da haka, yana da kyau a lura cewa zuma yana da wadata a cikin mahaɗan shuka masu haɓaka lafiya waɗanda aka sani da polyphenols.
Amfanin
Baki da sauran jiki sun kasance ana ɗaukar su azaman tsari guda biyu daban-daban; wato likitan hakora yana mayar da hankali kan wasu matsaloli da magunguna a kan wasu. A gaskiya, ko da yake sun bambanta, suna da tasiri sosai a juna.
Bakinmu shi ne farkon tsarin narkewar abinci, duk da cewa yana da ayyuka kamar magana da tauna; don haka yana da mahimmanci a ji daɗin lafiyar baki. Wasu bincike sun tabbatar da cewa zuma na iya zama amintacciyar kawar da kowace matsala ta baki.
Mai arziki a cikin antioxidants
Danyen zuma ya ƙunshi nau'ikan sinadarai na shuka waɗanda ke aiki azaman antioxidants. Wasu nau'ikan zuma suna da adadin antioxidants kamar 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari. Antioxidants na taimakawa wajen kare jiki daga lalacewar sel ta hanyar free radicals.
Masu ba da kyauta suna ba da gudummawa ga tsarin tsufa kuma suna iya ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban cututtukan cututtuka irin su ciwon daji da cututtukan zuciya. Magungunan Antioxidant a cikin ɗanyen zuma da ake kira polyphenols suna da tasirin anti-mai kumburi wanda zai iya zama mai fa'ida wajen karewa daga yanayi da dama da ke da alaƙa da damuwa na oxidative.
Yana kawar da cututtukan streptococcus mutans
Kamar yadda wasu bincike suka nuna, akwai nau'o'in halittu daban-daban na 500 zuwa 700 a saman daban-daban na kogon baka, wanda ya dogara da lafiyar baki da kuma tsabtar kowane mutum. Baki masu lafiya suna da ƙarin ƙwayoyin cuta masu amfani da Gram da mafi sauƙi mazauna; bakin da ke da rashin lafiya yakan sami ƙarin ƙwayoyin cuta anaerobic, gram-negative, da hadaddun ƙwayoyin cuta.
Bincike ya nuna cewa zuma ta yi tasiri wajen yakar kwayoyin cuta kusan 60 gram tabbatacce, gram negative, anaerobic da aerobic. Ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan shine Streptococcus mutans, wanda shine kwayar cutar da ke da hannu a cikin caries na hakori. Ba kamar maganin rigakafi ba, kimiyya ta gano hakan ya zuwa yanzu kwayoyin cuta ba sa juriya ga zuma. Don haka yana da matukar amfani a san irin cututtuka da zuma za a iya amfani da ita. Wannan abinci yana dakatar da ci gaban ƙwayoyin cuta saboda yawan sukari da ƙarancin pH, baya ga kashe ƙwayoyin cuta ta hanyar abubuwan kashe ƙwayoyin cuta.
don plaque hakori
Plaque na hakori wani fim ne mai kyau, wanda ke taruwa a saman hakora. Kwayoyin da ke cikin plaque (musamman streptococcus mutans) suna metabolize carbohydrates masu haifuwa (kamar sucrose) a cikin abinci kuma suna samar da acid. Wadannan acid suna da alhakin lalata da kuma wargaza tsarin hakori. Wannan yana hana ayyukan tsaftacewa da remineralization na yau da kullun, don haka yana fifita farawa da ci gaban caries hakori.
Ya ƙunshi sukari mai sauƙi
Lokacin neman man fetur na tsakiyar tsere, kuna son tafiya tare da carbohydrates masu sauƙi, wanda jiki ya rushe da sauri kuma ya sami samuwa nan da nan don amfani da makamashi. Zuma, ko a cikin tulun ɗanyen zuma ko a matsayin babban sinadari a cikin tauna, mashaya, ko gel, ana ɗaukarsa hade da carbohydrates. Ya ƙunshi sugars fructose da glucose, yana mai da shi kyakkyawan tushen sauƙin sukarin da jikin ku ke buƙata yayin tafiya da lokacin dawowa, wanda shine lokacin da shagunan glycogen na tsoka suka ƙare.
Da kyau, kuna so ku cinye kusan adadin kuzari 100, ko kusan gram 30-60 na carbohydrates, a cikin awa ɗaya don gudanar da ya fi mintuna 60. Honey yana da kusan gram 17 na carbohydrates a kowace cokali. Wannan dabarar mai mai za ta kiyaye glycogen a cikin tsokoki a iyakar, wanda zai jinkirta gajiya.
Lokacin da muka yi tunani game da ayyukan motsa jiki masu tsayi, ƙila za ku yi motsi da sauri fiye da yadda kuke yi yayin tafiya. Wannan yana nufin zaku iya tsawaita waɗancan tazarar mai.
Honey kadai ba ya bayar da electrolytes, wanda ya zama dole don inganta aikin tsoka. Don haka, kuna buƙatar ƙarawa da abin sha na wasanni ko abinci tare da electrolytes, kamar sodium da potassium.
Yana kwantar da ciwon makogwaro da tari
Zuma tsohon maganin ciwon makogwaro ne wanda ke kawar da zafi kuma yana iya taimakawa tare da tari. Ana iya saka shi a cikin shayi mai zafi tare da lemun tsami idan kwayar cutar sanyi ta kama. Ko da yake ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike, wani bincike ya nuna cewa zuma za ta iya zarce sauran nau'ikan kulawa wajen inganta cututtuka na numfashi na sama.
Wani bincike kuma ya nuna cewa magungunan kashe kwayoyin cuta da kuma maganin kumburi suna da tasiri wajen kawar da ciwon makogwaro. Tari matsala ce ta gama gari ga yaran da ke fama da cututtuka na numfashi na sama. Wadannan cututtuka na iya shafar barci da ingancin rayuwa ga yara da iyaye.
Koyaya, magungunan tari na yau da kullun ba su da tasiri kuma suna iya yin illa. Abin sha'awa, zuma na iya zama madadin mai kyau, tare da shaidar da ke nuna cewa zaɓin magani ne mai tasiri. Binciken da aka yi na bincike da yawa kan zuma da tari a cikin yara ya gano cewa zuma ya bayyana yana da tasiri fiye da diphenhydramine don alamun tari. Hakanan zai iya taimakawa rage tsawon lokacin tari.
Yana inganta raunuka da konewa
An yi amfani da maganin zuma mai kyau don warkar da raunuka da konewa tun zamanin d Misira. Al'adar ta zama ruwan dare a yau. Wasu bincike sun gano cewa ya fi tasiri don warkar da kone-kone-kauri da raunuka da suka kamu da cutar bayan tiyata.
Hakanan zumar magani ce mai inganci don magance ciwon ƙafa da ke da alaƙa da ciwon sukari, wanda ke da matsala mai tsanani da ke haifar da yankewa. Masu bincike sunyi tunanin cewa ikon warkarwa na zuma yana fitowa ne daga tasirin maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta da kuma maganin kumburi.
Bugu da ƙari, yana iya taimakawa wajen magance wasu yanayin fata, irin su psoriasis da raunuka na herpes. Ana ganin zumar Manuka tana da tasiri musamman wajen magance kuna. Duk da haka, idan kuna da mummunan kuna, dole ne mu nemi kulawar likita nan da nan.
yana da sauƙin sha
Baya ga samun damar rushewa da sauri, jiki yana shayar da zuma da kyau fiye da sauran sikari. Wani bincike na 2011, wanda aka buga a cikin Journal of Sports Sciences, ya gano cewa samfurori da ke dauke da gaurayawan carbohydrates daban-daban na iya kara yawan shan carbohydrate. Ruwan zuma, wanda ya ƙunshi nau'in sukari iri biyu, ya dace da lissafin daidai.
Tunda zumar tana kunshe da glucose, fructose, da ruwa, yana da kyau a narkar da shi da zarar kun sa a baki. Irin wannan inganci yana tabbatar da cewa jikinka ya sami man da yake buƙata da wuri-wuri.
Taimako a farfadowar wasanni
Da zarar an yi amfani da sukari daga zuma, ko kowane tushen carbohydrate, don buƙatun makamashi na gaggawa da kuma sake cika shagunan glycogen na tsoka, yawan sukarin da ya wuce kima ana adana shi azaman mai. Wannan yana nufin cewa samfuran tushen zuma da zuma na iya ciyar da jikin ku don taimakawa farfadowa da samar da kuzari.
Bugu da ƙari, aƙalla binciken guda ɗaya ya gano cewa 'yan wasan da suka cinye glucose-fructose gauraye abubuwan sha yayin murmurewa sun sami damar gudu kusan 30% tsawon tsayi idan aka kwatanta da masu gudu waɗanda suka cinye abubuwan sha kawai don murmurewa.
Abun ciye-ciye mai kyau ko abinci ya kamata ya haɗa da furotin. Kyakkyawan zaɓi shine gasa tare da man goro da zuma kaɗan.
Magani ga ciwon danko
Gingivitis shine kumburin kyallen jikin gingival don amsa kasancewar ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin plaque biofilm. Yana da zafi da zub da jini a cikin gumakan, wanda gabaɗaya ya ƙone ta gefen haƙora. Ciwon gingivitis yana komawa ne idan muka bi tsarin tsaftar baki mai kyau, amma idan ba a gyara shi ba, zai iya ci gaba zuwa asarar haƙori da ba za a iya jurewa ba.
Wannan kumburi yana kama da wanda aka samu a cikin raunuka masu kumburi; kwatsam, shekaru masu yawa. An yi amfani da zuma don kashe kwayoyin cuta da sauri daga raunuka. An yi wani binciken da ya ƙunshi marasa lafiya na orthodontic guda 20 don gano yadda zuma ke tasiri pH, ƙididdigar ƙwayoyin cuta da haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta idan aka kwatanta da sucrose. An nuna cewa pH bai faɗi ƙasa da madaidaicin pH na 5.5 ba, rage adadin ƙwayoyin cuta da hana haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta. Tare da marasa lafiya 20 kawai, masana kimiyyar sun yarda cewa binciken yana da iyaka kuma ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike don sanin ainihin yuwuwar zuma.
Yana kawar da warin baki
Mummunan warin da ke cikin baki (halitosis) yawanci ana gano shi ne lokacin da mutum yake magana kuma yana da wari mara daɗi. A cikin bakin, ɓangaren baya na dorsum na harshe, yankunan subgingival, gyare-gyaren da ba a yi kyau ba (rauni da gadoji tare da leaks), ƙwararrun hakori ko prostheses na hakori, sun fi dacewa don gabatar da halitosis.
A cikin waɗannan lokuta, zuma na iya magance warin, ko da yake ba zai yi tasiri a kan kayan da aka yi da azurfa ba. Kamar yadda bincike ya nuna, zuma na yaki da mamayar kwayoyin cuta a raunuka da kuma samar da sinadarai masu gina jiki ga kwayoyin cuta, ta yadda suke samar da lactic acid yayin metabolism maimakon iskar gas mai wari.
Yana hana cutar kansa
An yi nazarin zuma don maganin ciwon daji. Wasu sun nuna cewa maganin carcinomas tare da yawa daban-daban na zuma Tualang yana da tasiri wajen haifar da mutuwar kwayar cutar da ke dogara da kashi da lokaci. An lura da ƙaddamarwar hanawa na 50% don kasancewa a 4% kuma matsakaicin hana haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta ya kasance a 15%.
Nazarin kuma ya nuna cewa zuma ya inganta kashi- da tasirin hanawa mai dogaro da lokaci. Ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike don fahimtar zuma a matsayin maganin ciwon daji.
Yana rage illar cutar sankara
Radiation kayan aiki ne mai matukar amfani don magance nau'ikan ciwon daji, har ma ana amfani da shi bayan tiyata ko chemotherapy. An nuna wannan maganin yana da tasiri wajen haɓaka yawan rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 5, amma yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci. Lokacin da sakamako masu illa ya haifar da buƙatar dakatar da jiyya, amfanin warkewa na radiation kuma yana raguwa.
Wasu bincike suna duban tasirin zuma wajen hanawa ko inganta mucositis, xerostomia, da kuma warkar da raunuka, kuma yana da amfani a wannan yanki.
Yaya ake ɗauka?
Honey yana da sauƙi don ƙarawa zuwa abinci. Don samun ƙaramin haɓakar antioxidants daga zuma, za mu iya amfani da shi yadda za mu saba amfani da sukari. Yana da kyau a saka yogurt na halitta, kofi ko shayi. Hakanan zamu iya amfani dashi don dafa abinci da yin burodi.
Gwaji shine mabuɗin lokacin maye gurbin sukari da zuma. Yin burodi da zuma na iya haifar da yawan launin ruwan kasa da danshi. A matsayinka na gaba ɗaya, za mu yi amfani da ¾ kofin zuma ga kowane kofin sukari, rage ruwa a cikin girke-girke da cokali biyu kuma rage yawan zafin jiki na tanda da 3ºC.
A matsayin maganin gida, ana iya shafa shi kai tsaye ga ƙananan konewa ko raunuka ko kuma a sha da baki don tari. Duk da haka, dole ne mu tuna cewa bai kamata mu ba da zuma ga jariran da ba su kai shekara ɗaya ba saboda haɗarin botulism.
Bugu da kari, dole ne mu tuna cewa zuma nau'in sukari ce, don haka cinye ta zai kara yawan sukarin jini. Ko da cin zuma mai yawa, musamman akai-akai na tsawon lokaci, na iya taimakawa wajen samun kiba da kuma ƙara haɗarin cututtuka irin su ciwon sukari na 2 ko cututtukan zuciya. Sabili da haka, ana bada shawarar cinyewa a ƙananan ƙananan matsakaici.
Yadda za a zabi zuma mafi kyau?
Danyen zuma za su sami lakabin da ke cewa "danyen zuma" Idan lakabin bai haɗa da kalmar "dannye ba," ko kuma ba ta fito kai tsaye daga manomi ko mai kiwon kudan zuma ba wanda zai iya tabbatar da shi danye ne, mai yiwuwa masana'anta sun manna shi.
Alamar kuma na iya kwatanta alamar irin furanni cewa ƙudan zuma pollinated don yin wannan zuma. Nau'in fure yana ƙayyade dandano, launi da antioxidant da abun ciki na bitamin na zuma.
zuma iri-iri manna Suna da lakabin da ke cewa "zuma mai tsabta." Wasu na iya cewa "zuwan clover" ko kuma suna iya cewa sun fito daga wani yanki. Hatta samfuran da aka yi wa lakabi da "zuma na halitta" ƙila ba za su danye ba, kamar yadda wasu masana'antun ke kitsa zumar.
Wasu samfuran zuma da aka sarrafa sun ƙunshi masara syrup tare da babban abun ciki na fructose ko wasu additives. Bincika alamar don tabbatar da cewa zumar tana da tsabta.