Konke okufaka epuletini lakho (osuke wakuthenga esitolo esikhulu) kuneqhaza elibalulekile emathubeni onawo okufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Ucwaningo lwakamuva, enyatheliswa kuyi-Lancet, iqinisekisa ukuthi ukudla kabi kuyimbangela yokufa ehamba phambili emhlabeni wonke. Ngisho nokuba ngaphezu kokubhema ugwayi noma ukuba nomfutho wegazi ophakeme. Ubucabanga ukuthi ukudla imifino noma izithelo ezimbalwa kwakunzima kangaka?
Yiziphi izingozi ezibangelwa ukudla kabi?
Lolu cwaningo lwalubandakanya abantu abadala abaneminyaka engaphezu kwengama-25 ubudala, abahlaziywa emikhubeni yabo yokudla kusukela ngo-1990 kuya ku-2017 emazweni angu-195. Abacwaningi bebefuna ukwazi ukuthi lokhu kuthinte kanjani ukufa kusenesikhathi.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi bathola ngo-2017 ukuthi ukufa kwezigidi ezingu-11 (22%) emhlabeni wonke kubangelwa ukudla okungalungile. Ngokuqondile, izigidi eziyisi-9 zazibangelwa izifo zenhliziyo, abangaphezu kuka-900.000 bazohlupheka umdlavuza ezihlobene nokudla, ezingaphezu kuka-330.000 per sikashukela futhi ngaphezu kwe-136.000 ngayinye izifo zezinso.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezinye izici eziyingozi ezibulalayo ezaziwa kakhulu umfutho wegazi ophakeme nokusebenzisa ugwayi. Laba bafe abayizigidi eziyi-10 kanye nezigidi eziyi-4, ngokulandelana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abacwaningi bathola ukuthi ukulandela ukudla okungenamsoco kuhlobene nokuphila iminyaka nokukhubazeka.
Kwahlonzwa kanjani ukuthi ukudla kwakungalungile?
Abacwaningi babheke izinto ezintathu eziyinhloko ezandisa kakhulu ingozi yokufa ngaphambi kwesikhathi: a ukudla okuphezulu kwe-sodium (ngaphezu kuka-3 amagremu ngosuku), ukudla okusanhlamvu okuphansi (ngaphansi kwamagremu ayi-125 ngosuku) kanye a ukudla okuphansi kwezithelo (ngaphansi kuka-250 amagremu ngosuku). Ngokunjalo, ukudla okunokuqukethwe okuncane kumantongomane, imbewu nemifino nakho kube nomthelela omkhulu kulokhu kwanda kokufa.
Eqinisweni, ukusetshenziswa kwamantongomane kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kokusetshenziswa okufanele kanye nokwangempela: abantu bathathe kuphela u-12% wokudla okunconyiwe (amagremu angu-20). Esikhundleni salokho, ukusetshenziswa kwenyama egayiwe kuphakeme ngo-5% kunokusetshenziswa okunconyiwe (90 amagremu).
Ukudla ngendlela engafanele kungaphazamisa umzimba ngezindlela eziningi. Akugcini nje ukwandisa ingozi yakho yokukhuluphala, ethwala izingozi eziningi zempilo (njengesifo senhliziyo), kodwa ukudla imisoco ethile kungalimaza impilo yakho nangezinye izindlela. Ngokwesibonelo, ukudla izithelo ezincane kuhlotshaniswa nengozi eyengeziwe yokushaywa unhlangothi kanye nesifo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi; ukudla okuphezulu kwe-sodium kungandisa ingozi yomdlavuza wesisu; ngisho nokudla okune-fiber ephansi kungathonya ukwanda komdlavuza wekoloni. Ngakho-ke ungakhohlwa ukudla ukudla okunempilo ukuze uhlale iminyaka eminingi yokuphila.