Umzimba wethu unezinhlobo ezimbili zamafutha, abizwa ngokuthi amafutha ansundu namhlophe. Eyokuqala yaziwa nangokuthi amafutha ansundu futhi inesibopho sokugcina izinga lokushisa lomzimba elifanele, kanye nokusetshenziswa njengophethiloli. Kunalokho, amafutha amhlophe yiwo sonke esiwazondayo ngokusenza sibe nawo izibambo zothando. Amafutha ansundu agcinwa ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene zomzimba, njengentamo, umgogodla, noma izinso; nini umzimba uzwa amakhaza yenza kusebenze lesi zicubu ukuthi sisebenzise ushukela wegazi namafutha ukukhiqiza ukushisa.
Kodwa ingabe lolu hlobo lwamafutha lunempilo?
Ithimba labacwaningi abavela eNyuvesi yaseRutgers lenze Ucwaningo lapho bathola khona ukuthi amafutha ansundu angasiza futhi isisefo somzimba futhi asuse ama-amino acid (BCAAs) ayisisekelo nama-branched-chain abalulekile egazini. Phakathi kwazo kukhona i-leucine, isoleucine kanye ne-valine, ehlobene eduze nokukhuluphala kanye nesifo sikashukela uma igcinwe ngobuningi.
I-Los BCAA Zitholakala ekudleni okufana namaqanda, inyama, inhlanzi, inkukhu nobisi, kodwa kukhona nabasubathi abakhetha ukukusebenzisa ngendlela yezithako zokwandisa imisipha. Ngokusobala lezi zinto zinenzuzo ngcono imetabolism kanye nokusebenza yabasubathi, kodwa a ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile Kuxhunyaniswa nezimo zokukhuluphala nesifo sikashukela. Izithako ze-BCAA zenzelwe labo abanamafutha ansundu asebenzayo, kodwa zingaba yingozi kulabo abangenalo lolu hlobo lwamafutha ansundu (abadala, abakhuluphele, noma abanesifo sikashukela) njengoba bengeke babe namandla afanayo okuqeda.
Abakushoyo kulolu cwaningo ukuthi lolu hlobo lwamafutha lungasivikela ekukhuluphaleni nesifo sikashukela, ngoba lusebenza kangcono kunamafutha amhlophe ukuqeda la ma-amino acid. Nokho, ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka ukuhlola ukuthi kungani abanye abantu benaloluhlobo lwamafutha kanti abanye bengenalo, noma ukuthi lungenziwa kanjani lusebenze. Bangakwazi yini ukwenza izidakamizwa ezandisa inani emzimbeni?
Iprotheni ye-SLC25A44 iphethe yonke into
Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi iphrotheni entsha, SLC25A44, unesibopho sokulawula izinga amafutha ansundu akhipha ngalo ama-amino acid egazini futhi awasebenzisele ukukhiqiza amandla nokushisa. Lokhu kutholakala sekuthathe iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 ukuxazulula, nakuba ososayensi babesola ukuba khona kwe-mitochondrial transporter BCAA. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukufunda indlela yokuyilawula ukuze ikwazi ukususa ama-BCAA amaningi ngangokunokwenzeka futhi ithuthukise impilo ye-metabolic.
Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi basadinga ukwazi ukuthi ukumuncwa kwe-BCAAs ngamafutha ansundu kungalawulwa yini izici zemvelo, njengokuchayeka emazingeni okushisa abandayo noma ukusetshenziswa kokudla okubabayo, noma ngemithi.