Ngokuya ngokukhetha kwethu, impilo yethu kanye neyomntwana, abanye besifazane bangakhetha ukubelethela esibhedlela, esikhungweni sokubelethela noma ekhaya. Abesifazane abaningi ngokwengeziwe bakhetha ukuzalwa emanzini njengendlela izingane zabo eziza ngayo emhlabeni.
Ngesikhathi sokubeletha, umama ucwiliswa emanzini, ngokuvamile kubhavu ophefumulayo, futhi uzobelethela umntwana emanzini. Ungakhetha futhi ukuchitha izifinyezo emanzini futhi ulethe ngaphandle. Lokhu kungaba inketho enhle uma sifuna izinzuzo ze- hydrotherapy, kanye nezinzuzo zokubelethela esibhedlela.
Kuyini ukuzalwa kwamanzi?
Abanye besifazane babika ukuthi amanzi adambisa izinhlungu zokufinyela kanye nobuhlungu bokubeletha ngokwawo. Ngeshwa, uma uthola i-epidural, akunakwenzeka ukuzala emanzini. Lokhu kungenxa yesidingo sokuqapha indawo ye-epidural nokuyigcina inyumba futhi iphephile. Igesi nomoya kungafakwa ngesikhathi sisemanzini, kodwa kuyodingeka siphume uma sinomjovo wokudambisa ubuhlungu onjenge-pethidine, ongabangela ubuthongo. Ungabuyela emuva ngemva kwamahora ambalwa, uma imiphumela yomjovo isigugile.
Ungase ube ngumuntu ofanele noma ungabi yikhandidethi elilungele ukuzalwa kwamanzi uma uthwele amawele noma iziphindaphinda ze-oda eliphezulu. Lokhu kukhulelwa kusengozini enkulu yokuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye nezinye izinkinga ezingase zidinge ukubhekwa eduze ngesikhathi sokubeletha nokubeletha.
ukubeletha emanzini esibhedlela
Uma sifuna ukubeletha amanzi esibhedlela, kukhona okuhle nokubi. Izibhedlela zinamagumbi okubelethela ahlome ngokuphelele futhi abanye besifazane bazizwa bephephile endaweni yasesibhedlela njengoba kutholakala ngokushesha ukungenelela uma bekudinga.
Uma ubeletha endaweni ephethwe umbelethisi noma esibhedlela, kuzoba namagumbi anikezelwe anendlu yokugezela ekhethekile enkulu lapho ungabelethela khona noma ungene ngaphakathi ukuze usize ukudambisa izinhlungu zokuzala. Lawa machibi okuzala anohlelo olukhethekile lwamapayipi amanzi. Ngokuvamile ziba nokukhanya okuzungezile ngaphakathi naseduze kwamachibi okuzala.
Nokho, kungase kube nezimo esibhedlela lapho kungekho khona abasebenzi abenele noma amachibi atholakalayo. Ngakho-ke, eminye imingcele ingase ibekwe kowesifazane ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi akangeni echibini ngokushesha kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba isihe siqale. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukuvimbela owesifazane ongakaqini lapho ebeletha ukuthi avimbe i-swimming pool.
ukuzalwa kwamanzi ekhaya
Ekhaya, i-birthing pool ivamise ukufutheka futhi kuwumthwalo wombhangqwana obelethayo ukuligcwalisa, ukulithulula, bese kulihlanza ngemva kwalokho. Kusengenzeka ukuzalwa kwamanzi ekhaya ngokuqasha i-inflatable pool. Umbelethisi uzothatha izinga lokushisa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi umama akashisi kakhulu. Akudingekile ukuba uhlale emanzini ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ungangena uphume ngokubona kwakho. Ngisho nezithandani zingangena edanyini uma zithanda.
Ukuzala ngokuvamile kuhamba kancane noma kuma lapho owesifazane ezizwa enovalo noma engaqiniseki. Lokhu kuyinto engenzeka uma owesifazane ephuma endlini yakhe eya esibhedlela. Nakuba umsebenzi wasekhaya ngokuvamile ungaphansi kwalo mphumela kunabesifazane abasendaweni yabo yomkhaya. Imibhangqwana namanye amalungu omndeni angahamba ngokukhululeka futhi kukhona ukufinyelela okulula kokudla neziphuzo. Lesi kuzoba yisinqumo esifanele kwabanye besifazane. Abanye bangase bazizwe bephephile ukuba sesibhedlela noma isikhungo sokubeletha.
Izinzuzo
Ukuzalwa kwamanzi sekudume kakhulu emashumini eminyaka amuva nje. Izazi zezifo zabesifazane ezingongoti ziyazivuma izinzuzo ezithile, kodwa azitusi ukuba semanzini kudlule isigaba sokuqala sokuzala, lapho umlomo wesibeletho usuvuleke ngokugcwele. Abakukhuthazi futhi ukubelethela emanzini.
Ukucwiliswa emanzini esigabeni sokuqala sokubeletha kungasiza nciphisa isikhathi sokusebenza. Ukusebenza emanzini kungase futhi kwehlise isidingo se-epidural noma okunye ukukhululeka kobuhlungu bomgogodla.
Ucwaningo oluncane luveze ukuthi abesifazane ababeletha emanzini nabo bangase babe ne- izinga eliphansi lokuhlinzwa (amaphesenti angu-13,2 uma kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti angu-32,9). Akugcinanga lapho, kodwa abesifazane ababelethela emanzini babike ukuthi banengcindezi encane yokungakwazi ukuzibamba ezinsukwini ezingama-42 ngemuva kokubeletha kunalabo ababebelethela emhlabeni. Kudingeka izifundo ezinkulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe lokhu okutholakele.
Abesifazane ababeletha emanzini nabo babika a ukwaneliseka okukhulu ngokubeletha. Ukufudumala kwamanzi kanye nokungabi nesisindo kuvame ukunikeza isikhala sokubeletha ngaphandle kokunqanyulwa.
Contraindication
Ngokuvamile, kunconywa ukuthi abantu besifazane basebenze emanzini phakathi kwamasonto angama-37 namaviki angama-41, izinsuku eziyisi-6 zokukhulelwa. Kunezinye iziqondiso, ezihlanganisa ukukhulelwa okungeyona ingozi encane, uketshezi lwe-amniotic olucacile, futhi ingane ibheke phansi. Ukubeletha ngamanzi angeke kunconywe kwabesifazane abateta ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ababelethe ngokuhlinzwa kabili noma ngaphezulu.
Ingozi yokutheleleka
Ukuzala emanzini kusho ukuhlala, ukusunduza, kanye nokubelethela kubhavu, ngokuvamile okuhlanganisa esitokisini. Umntwana ozalelwe endaweni enjalo kungenzeka agwinye amanzi angcolile, okwandisa ingozi yokungenwa izifo. Kuya ngokuthi sibuza bani, amathuba okutheleleka ayahluka ngoba idatha inomkhawulo. Nokho, ayikho indlela yokwenza amanzi angabi namagciwane. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ubhavu ungcoliswa yizimila zesitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nezingunxande lapho umama ehleli kubhavu, ngisho noma amanzi eyinyumba.
Ingane egwinya amanzi okugeza isengcupheni yokuthola izifo. Izingane zihlelwa ngokofuzo nangokomzimba ukuthi ziphefumule umoya wokuqala, hhayi amanzi, emizuzwini embalwa ngemva kokubeletha amakhanda azo. Bane-"diving reflex" evala ngokuzenzakalelayo imigudu yabo yokuphefumula futhi ibavimbele ekuphefumuleni emanzini, kodwa ezinye izimo zisengababangela ukuba bahogele amanzi:
Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ngisho nalapho amagciwane athathelwanayo exoshwa ngesikhathi sokubeletha, akukho okunyukayo noma ukungena. Ngakho-ke, ingozi yokutheleleka kwenzeka kuphela uma umntwana ephefumula ngokushesha (ababelethisi kanye nodokotela wokubelethisa baqeqeshelwe ukunciphisa leyo ngozi) noma uma izinto zokusebenza zingavalwanga ngendlela efanele.
Ingozi ye-Meconium aspiration
Leli gama lezokwelapha lisho ukuthi umntwana uye wakhipha amathumbu okokuqala ngaphambi kokuzalwa futhi ehogela uketshezi lwe-amniotic olungcolile, okubangela izinkinga zokuphefumula.
Odokotela nababelethisi bayakwazi ukubona ukuthi lokhu kwenzeke yini lapho amanzi ephuka ngoba i-meconium ivame ukuba luhlaza, inamathele, iwugqinsi futhi iwugqinsi. Izinyathelo zokuphepha ezengeziwe kufanele zithathwe lapho ukunyakaza kwesisu sokuqala kwenzeka ngaphambi kokubeletha. Udokotela noma umbelethisi udinga ukufinyelela ngokushesha enganeni ukuze avule indlela yayo yokuphefumula, okuvame ukusho ukuyizala ngomhlane.
ingozi ye-pneumonia
Nakuba ucwaningo olubalulekile lungakabonisi amaphesenti aqondile ezimo zenyumoniya yokuzalwa emanzini, ingenye yezingozi. Ukuze uvimbele inyumoniya, amanzi kufanele ahlale efudumele, futhi umntwana kufanele aphume ngokushesha ngemva kokubeletha.
Inyumoniya ivamise ukukhula phakathi namahora okuqala angu-24 kuya kwangu-48 ngemva kokuzalwa futhi ibangelwa ukulangazelela i-meconium, ukungcoliswa kwendle, namagciwane aphuma emanzini okugeza. Kukhona nemibiko yezigameko zokushona kwezingane ezibulawa inyumoniya yangemva kokubeletha emanzini okuwumphumela oqondile wokumunca amanzi angcolile. Njengoba ukuzalwa kwamanzi okuningi kwenziwa ekhaya noma esikhungweni sokuzala esizimele, luncane 'ucwaningo' olwenziwe.
ingozi yokuminza
Lapho kunamanzi khona, kunengozi yokuminza. Olunye ucwaningo lubala ukuminza nokuminza njengezingozi zengane yokuzalwa emanzini. Ngenxa yezinkinga, ingane ingase ihlale ngaphansi kwamanzi isikhathi eside futhi amaphaphu ayo angase agcwale amanzi.
Ochwepheshe bezokwelapha benza konke okusemandleni abo ukuvimbela lokhu ngokubeka ingane ikhanda layo phezu kwamanzi ukuze ikwazi ukuthola umoya-mpilo owanele ukuze iphefumule ngokushesha lapho izalwa.
Ingozi yokuphuka kwenkaba
Izintambo ezimfishane zingabophela umbungu ngaphansi kwamanzi noma zidabuke, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwegazi lengane. Izinyembezi zomama kungaba nzima ukuzihlola ngaphansi kwamanzi, futhi omama bangase bophe kakhulu. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ikhebula elifushane ngokwanele ukuba libangele isigameko esinjalo alivamile.
Ngesikhathi sokuzalwa kwamanzi, umntwana uvame ukukhuphuka ngokushesha phezulu, ikhanda kuqala. Lokhu kunyakaza okusheshayo kuzovumela ukuthi baqale ukuphefumula ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, kodwa kunengozi yokuthi inkaba ingase iphuke. Inkaba ephukile ingaba yingozi empilweni, njengoba umbungu ungopha ngokukhululeka uze ume. Ivamise ukuphathwa kalula ngokubopha intambo. Ngokuvamile kuholela ku-anemia yengane kunanoma yini enye.
Kubiza malini?
Ukubeletha emanzini esibhedlela kungabiza okufanayo nokuzalwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane. Ezimweni eziningi, iningi noma ingxenye yokulethwa esibhedlela ikhokhelwa umshwalense wezempilo noma Ukuphepha Komphakathi e-Spain. Ngaphandle komshwalense, ukulethwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kungabiza phakathi kuka-$5.000 no-$10.000, nakuba izindleko zihluka ngendawo nendawo.
Izintengo zokulethwa ngakunye zingahluka ngendawo, kodwa ngokuvamile ziphansi kunezindleko zesibhedlela (uma zingakhaviwe impilo yomphakathi). Endabeni yomshuwalense wangasese, isikhathi esiningi izingane ezizalelwa ekhaya azikhaviwe. Uma ukhetha ithimba elizokusiza ngokuzala kwakho amanzi, kuyanconywa ukuthi ucele ukuhlukaniswa okugcwele kwamanani alindelekile.
Abanye ochwepheshe banikeza amabhavu okuzala njengengxenye yezinsizakalo zabo. Uma kungenjalo, intengo yokuqasha noma yokuthenga ubhavu wokuzala nayo iyahlukahluka kuye ngendawo kanye nezinketho esizikhethayo. Isisekelo esinomugqa singabiza ngaphansi kwama-euro angama-300, isibonelo. Izintengo zokuqasha zilingana nenani elifanayo. Ezinye izinto ezidingekayo nazo zizodingeka, ngakho hlela ngokufanele.