Lapho ihlobo seliphelile, izixwayiso zamakhaza nezomkhuhlane ziqala ukuhlasela izikhungo zezempilo. Besilokhu sihlobanisa amakhaza nalolu hlobo lwesifo, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi izinga lokushisa alihlobene kancane nalo. Yize kungenzeka ukuthi ugule ngoNovemba kunango-Agasti, ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi umswakama uwukhiye. Okusho ukuthi, lapho umswakama uphezulu, izinhlayiya esizihlakaza lapho sithimula (futhi ezigcwele igciwane lomkhuhlane) zinkulu futhi zisinda, ngakho zichitha isikhathi esincane emoyeni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezinkathini ezibandayo, umswakama uphansi, ngakho-ke kungenzeka ukuthi izinhlayiya zihlala emoyeni isikhathi eside.
Uyini umkhuhlane ngempela?
Sibhekene nesifo esithathelwanayo esiyingozi, esivame ukudluliselwa ngomoya futhi esinesibalo esiphezulu sabantu. Umsuka walo usegciwaneni lomndeni I-Orthomyxoviridae futhi, njengoba sanitshela ngaphambili, kuvame kakhulu ezinyangeni zasebusika.
Umkhuhlane ubhebhetheka kalula, ngakho-ke izinyathelo zokuphepha zithathwa minyaka yonke ukugwema ubhadane lwesizini. Kunoma yimuphi umuntu onempilo, lapho esekhulile, ngeke kusho ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuphumula; kodwa kunamanye amaqembu azwela kakhulu, njengezingane nasebekhulile, angaba nezinkinga ezinkulu. Yingakho ukugoma kunconywa.
Kungani kufanele uthole isibhamu somkhuhlane? (Ngaphezu kokungawutholi umkhuhlane)
Ingabe izimpawu ziyashintsha unyaka nonyaka?
Izimpawu zivela ebangeni lezinsuku ezi-1 kuye kweziyi-5 ngemuva kokungena kwegciwane emzimbeni. Abanye abantu banegciwane lomkhuhlane kodwa ababonakali izimpawu, kodwa bayakwazi ukulithwala.Ngeshwa, amagciwane omkhuhlane ayashintsha minyaka yonke, ngakho-ke asisoze sagonywa unomphela. Kodwa-ke, noma ngabe igciwane lishintsha, izimpawu zalo zihlala zifana.
Ukutheleleka ngaleli gciwane kubangela a ukuguqulwa kwe-epithelium yokuphefumula kakhulu kunanoma yimuphi omunye obangelwa umkhuhlane. Isithombe sokuqala somtholampilo ngokuvamile siqala kungazelelwe ngemfiva nokugodola, kuhlanganise nobuhlungu bekhanda, ukucinana kwamakhala, umphimbo obuhlungu, ukungezwani komzimba, ukuqaqamba kwemisipha, ukungakuthandi ukudla, nokukhwehlela okomile.
Umkhuhlane kanye nobuhlungu bemisipha ngokuvamile kuthatha izinsuku ezingu-3-5, kuyilapho ukuminyana nokuntuleka kwamandla kunganwetshwa kufika kumaviki angu-2.
Ingabe ibeka ingozi enkulu empilweni?
Abantu abaningi bayalulama evikini elilodwa kuya kwamabili, kodwa izinkinga zingakhula kwezinye izimo.
Njengoba sishilo ekuqaleni, umkhuhlane ungadala ubungozi obukhulu kubantu asebekhulile, ikakhulukazi kusukela eminyakeni engu-65 kanye nokugula okungapheli. Ngokuqinisekile uyawazi amacala abantu abaqala ngegciwane futhi kwaba yinkimbinkimbi ngendlela ye-pneumonia, i-bronchitis, i-sinusitis noma i-otitis.
Kungase futhi kube khona ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kanye nokuwohloka kwezifo ezingamahlalakhona ebezivele zinakho, njengesifo sikashukela, isifuba somoya noma izinkinga zenhliziyo. Kuyinto evamile ukudinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela nokukhubazeka ukuze wenze imisebenzi yansuku zonke. Nakuba ikhefu lesikhashana liyelulekwa emsebenzini, ziyanda izinkampani ezitusa ukusetshenziswa komgomo. Ukugoma kunciphisa ukulaliswa esibhedlela ngo-50% nokufa kwabantu ngo-35%.
Idluliselwa kanjani?
Kuvame kakhulu ukuthi idluliselwe emoyeni phakathi kwabantu abasezikhaleni ezivaliwe. Kungasakazwa futhi ngokuthintana ngqo namaconsi amathe esiwakhiphayo lapho sikhuluma, siqabulana, sikhwehlela noma sithimula. Ngisho nasemandleni angcolile, igciwane lomkhuhlane lingaqhubeka amahora amaningi, ikakhulukazi uma sisezindaweni ezibandayo ezinomswakama omncane.
Uma ungumdlali futhi uya ejimini ngalesi sikhathi, unethuba elihle lokugula ngokuthinta noma iyiphi into. Hlala ekhaya uma unomkhuhlane, futhi uqalise kabusha ukuqeqeshwa kwakho lapho usululeme ngo-100%.
Ingabe ijeli ye-antibacterial iyasigoma kunoma yiliphi igciwane?