Sekuyiminyaka, ochwepheshe bokunakekelwa kwamehlo bencoma ukuzivocavoca kwamehlo njengendlela yokunciphisa ukubona eduze. Kodwa-ke, ngemva kokucwaninga nokuhlola okuningana, ososayensi abavela e-American Academy of Ophthalmology babika ngo-2004 ukuthi abukho ubufakazi bokuthi izivivinyo zamehlo ezifana nendlela ye-Bates noma ezinye izindlela zokunyakaza kwamehlo zibe nomthelela ekunciphiseni i-myopia.
Kungani ukuzivocavoca kwe-myopia kungasebenzi
Into yokuqala okufanele uyiqonde ukuthi i-myopia ayiyona i-genetic. Ezimweni eziningi, i-pseudomyopia yenzeka kuqala, kulandele i-lens-induced myopia eqhubekayo. Ngokuqonda ukuthi le nkinga yamehlo isebenza kanjani, umuntu angaqala ukusebenzisa ngokusebenzayo ukuthi ukuzivocavoca kwamehlo okubona eduze kungase kuxazulule imbangela. Uma ungayilungisi imbangela, khona-ke ukuzivocavoca kwamehlo akukwazi ukulungisa i-myopia.
Ukubona eduze kubangelwa ukusondelana kakhulu kuqala (pseudomyopia) kanye nokufiphala kwe-hyperopic kusuka ekugqokeni okuncane kwelensi (izibuko, i-myopia eqhubekayo) kamuva. Nakuba abanye abantu becabanga ukuthi izivivinyo zamehlo e-myopia zibhekana nenkinga yokusondelana kakhulu, iqiniso liwukuthi akusebenzi ngaleyo ndlela.
Ukuzivocavoca kwamehlo okubona eduze akuxazululi imbangela ye-myopia eqhubekayo, ngakho-ke ayikwazi ukusebenza, ngencazelo. Kuyiqiniso ukuthi ungathola ukukhululeka kwesikhashana, umuzwa wokuba ngcono ekubekeni inselele amehlo akho. Kodwa nakuba lezi zivivinyo zingeke zelaphe ukubona eduze, zingasiza umuntu ukuthi abone kahle ngangokunokwenzeka futhi anciphise ukucindezeleka kwamehlo. Lokhu kungasiza ezinkingeni ezinjengokukhanda ikhanda okuhlobene nokubona, ikakhulukazi kubantu abangaboni kahle eduze.
Ukuzivocavoca okudumile ukunciphisa i-myopia
Ngezansi sizoxoxa ngezinye zezivivinyo zamehlo ezaziwa kakhulu, ezisekelwe embonweni ongamanga wokuthi kunokuthile okuphathelene noWilliam Bates wodumo lokuvivinya iso olungabazisayo.
Ukuzivocavoca okubukwayo
Ungase wazi ukuthi kunezindlela zokuqeqesha umbono wakho, njengalezo zivivinyo ezenzelwe ukuthuthukisa umbono wezemidlalo noma lezo ezisiza ukugxilisa amehlo. Lezi zinhlobo zokuzivocavoca ziwazuzisa amehlo anempilo, kanye nabantu abalimele ebuchosheni abadinga ukufunda ukuthi bangaxhuma kanjani kabusha ubuchopho namehlo abo futhi.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma une-myopic, akukho ukuzivocavoca ukuze amehlo akho aphinde abone kangcono. Njengoba nje kungekho ukuzivocavoca kwamehlo ukuvimbela isimo sakho sokubona eduze ukuthi singabi sibi kakhulu.
Uma usebenzise amehlo akho futhi abonakala esengcono, i-American Academy of Ophthalmology iphawula ukuthi ukuthuthukiswa kokubona kahle ngemva kokuqeqeshwa akubangelwa izinguquko ezithile zomzimba zibe ngcono. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kungenxa yendlela yokuhumusha izithombe ezifiphele, ukushintshashintsha kwemizwa noma izinguquko izinyembezi ezibhekana nazo okwesikhashana esweni.
Ukuqeqeshwa kwamehlo kwe-myopia
Izindlela ezijwayelekile zokunyakaza kwamehlo, njengokuzulazula amehlo embuthanweni noma ukugxila ezintweni ezihambayo, zinconywa ukuze kuzuze ngokwezimali (uma iseluleko sikhokhiswa) noma njengendlela yokunciphisa isidingo sezibuko kubantu abane-myopic. Enye yalezo zivivinyo kungaba ukugxilisa amehlo akho ekucwayizeni izibani.
Ososayensi bacikwa yizinkulumo eziphikisayo zokuthi ukuzivocavoca kwamehlo kunciphisa ukubona eduze. Izinkinga zokugxila kuphela, ukubona kabili noma izinkinga zokuhlangana kwe-ocular ezizuzwayo kulokhu kuvivinya umzimba.
Uma une-myopic, udokotela wakho wamehlo kuphela ongakusiza. Themba izeluleko nokwahlulela kwabo.
Umthetho 20-20-20
Ukuqina kwamehlo kuyinkinga yangempela kubantu abaningi. Amehlo omuntu akufanele anamathele entweni eyodwa isikhathi eside. Uma usebenza phambi kwekhompyutha usuku lonke, umthetho we-20-20-20 ungasiza ekuvimbeleni ubunzima bamehlo edijithali. Ukuze usebenzise lo mthetho, njalo ngemizuzu engu-20, bheka into eqhele ngamamitha angu-20 imizuzwana engu-20.
Yiziphi izivivinyo ze-Bates?
Izivivinyo eziningi zamehlo zokubona eduze zithathwe ekuzilolongeni okwenziwe uWilliam Bates, udokotela wamehlo waseMelika. Wakhuthaza enye indlela yokwelapha i-myopia, esekelwe eqinisweni lokuthi ingqondo idlala indima ebalulekile ekubangeleni noma ekuthuthukiseni i-myopia, ebizwa ngokuthi indlela ye-Bates.
Izivivinyo zakhe ezintathu kwaba:
- Beka izintende zezandla zakho ngokumelene nezihlathi zakho futhi ukhulule amehlo akho njengoba ucisha ukukhanya.
- Gcoba elangeni noma uphendulele amehlo akho ekukhanyeni kwelanga ngenkathi uhambisa ikhanda lakho uye phambili naphambili.
- Gcwalisa kancane umzimba wakho emuva naphambili njengoba ugxilisa amehlo akho emunweni obekwe phambi kobuso bakho.
Indlela ye-Bates ayaziwa noma ayivunyelwe odokotela bamehlo. Eqinisweni, abanye ochwepheshe babonisa ukuthi le ndlela isekelwe emangeni e-anatomical okuthi imisipha yangaphandle ilawula iso. Futhi empeleni, iso linendlela yalo yangaphakathi yokugxila. Ngakho-ke uma ungumuntu obona eduze, yeka ukwenza izivivinyo zamehlo ngoba ngeke kuthuthukise ukubona kwakho.
Thuthukisa amehlo ngendlela efanele
Umqondo omuhle kakhulu wokuthuthukisa i-myopia awukona ukuzivocavoca, kodwa imikhuba. Ngemikhuba efanele, ukubona kungathuthukiswa kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, ayikho indlela elula yokwembula sonke isihloko esikhulu sembangela yokubona eduze, izivivinyo zamehlo, nokuthuthukiswa kokubona kokuthunyelwe okukodwa.
- I-stimulus izothuthukisa amehlo akho. Ukugqugquzelwa okusekelwe kumkhuba, kunokuvuselela okusekelwe kuhlelo lokuzivocavoca kwamehlo okuphoqelelwe. Usendleleni efanele "yokuzivocavoca," nakuba indlela ingakuyisi lapho obulindele khona.
- Thatha amakhefu njalo. Ukugqolozela esikrinini sekhompuyutha, noma ngisho nokufunda ukuphrinta okuhle, isikhathi eside kungabangela ukucindezeleka kwamehlo nezinye izinkinga, ngakho-ke setha i-alamu ukuze ususe amehlo akho emsebenzini wakho njalo ngemizuzu engama-20.
- Zivikele emisebeni ye-ultraviolet. Ukugqoka izibuko ezimnyama ngezinsuku ezinelanga elikhanyayo kuzovimba imisebe yelanga eyingozi ye-UVA ne-UVB.
- Yidla kahle. Ukufaka izinhlobonhlobo zokudla okunempilo ekudleni kwakho kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi amehlo akho athola yonke imisoco ayidingayo ukuze ahlale enempilo.