Imithambo evalekile noma evalekile ivame ukwenzeka lapho uqweqwe lunqwabelana ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi futhi kunciphisa ngokuphawulekayo ukugeleza kwegazi okuvamile. I-cholesterol ephezulu iyisici esiyingozi kakhulu sokwakheka kwama-plaque. Nokho, ezinye izici nazo zinomthelela kule nqubo, futhi ungase uthuthukise imithambo evalekile ngisho noma unamazinga aphansi e-cholesterol.
Kungani imithambo ivaleka?
Wonke ama-plaque ane-cholesterol ethile, kanye namafutha, i-calcium, nezinye izinto ezisegazini. Lapho i-plaque yakheka ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi, iqala inqubo yokuqina komthambo ebizwa ngokuthi isifo sokuqina kwemizwa Ngokulandelayo, ukugeleza kwegazi okuncishisiwe okuhambisana ne-atherosclerosis kungaholela esimweni esibucayi sezokwelapha esibizwa ngokuthi isifo senhliziyo, ebonakala ngokuncipha kwenani le-oksijini elitholwa imisipha yenhliziyo.
Imithambo evaleke kancane ingavaleka ngokuphelele lapho indawo ye-plaque ivuleka, kubangele ihlule legazi ukuba kwakheka i-ductus arteriosus encane. Ukuvinjwa okuyingxenye nokuphelele komthambo wenhliziyo kungaholela ekuthuthukisweni kwe-a isifo senhliziyo.
Yiziphi izingozi eziyinhloko?
Noma yini elimaza izingqimba zangaphakathi zemithambo ye-coronary ingaholela ekwakhekeni kwe-plaque, ukuvaleka komthambo nesifo senhliziyo, ngokusho kweNational Heart, Lung, kanye ne-Blood Institute. Ngaphezu kwamazinga aphezulu e-cholesterol, izici eziyinhloko eziyingozi zalolu hlobo lomonakalo zihlanganisa umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ukumelana okungavamile nemiphumela yehomoni ebizwa ngokuthi i-insulin, ukungazivocavoci noma ukuvivinya umzimba, isifo sikashukela, ukubhema, ukuguga, ukukhuluphala ngokweqile noma ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, nokudla ukudla okungenampilo.
Enye ingozi enkulu, ebizwa ngokuthi isifo se-metabolic, kuvela lapho ngesikhathi esisodwa unezinye izingozi ezimbalwa zesifo senhliziyo. Abanye abantu futhi banokuthambekela kofuzo ku-CHD okudala ubungozi obuphezulu, ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izici ezengeziwe. Ngokuvamile, amadoda avame ukuba nezingozi eziphakeme zesifo senhliziyo kunabesifazane.
Ezinye izici zingandisa ingozi yakho yesifo senhliziyo. Ngokwesibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngokweqile, ukucindezeleka, ukuba khona kwesimo esibizwa ngokuthi ukulala kwe-apnea, amazinga aphezulu egazi ento enamafutha ebizwa ngokuthi triglycerides kanye nokuba khona kwesimo esihlobene nokukhulelwa esibizwa ngokuthi i-preeclampsia. Ungase futhi ube sengozini enkulu ye-atherosclerosis ye-coronary artery uma unomlando wezinkinga ezihlobene ne-artery, njenge- I-aortic aneurysm noma i-stroke.
Ingabe kukhona ukwelashwa noma ukuvimbela?
Uma unezingozi ezingezona ze-cholesterol zemithambo evalekile nesifo senhliziyo, udokotela wakho angase atuse izinhlobonhlobo zemithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi, uphumuze imithambo yakho, uthuthukise ukugeleza kwegazi enhliziyweni yakho, noma unciphise umthwalo wokusebenza enhliziyweni yakho. Izinketho ezingenzeka zokufinyelela owodwa noma eminingi yale miphumela zihlanganisa ama-beta-blockers, ama-inhibitors i-ACE, i-aspirin, i-clopidogrel, i-prasugrel, i-diuretics, i-calcium channel blockers, i-nitroglycerin, noma amanye ama-nitrate..
Uma unezingozi ezihlobene ne-cholesterol, udokotela wakho angase akunikeze umuthi ovela ekilasini lemithi ebizwa ngokuthi izimiso. Nokho, thintana nodokotela wakho ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana nezingozi zakho zemithambo evalekile nesifo senhliziyo.