Tagara tichinzwa kuti mavhitaminzi chinhu chakakosha chekudya, chinotipa hutano hwakawanda. Uye ichokwadi chose. Dambudziko rinomuka patinoshandisa zvisina kunaka kana kuzvipfuudza isu kuburikidza nemavhitamini ekuwedzera. Nhasi tinokudzidzisa kuti chii chinonzi hypervitaminosis uye marudzi akasiyana-siyana aripo.
Chii chinonzi hypervitaminosis?
Hypervitaminosis inogadzirwa nekuwanda kuunganidzwa kwevhitamini mumuviri uye inogona kukonzera matambudziko akasiyana. Dambudziko rega rega rinoenderana nevhitamini yatakapfuura iyo yakakurudzirwa kushandiswa.
Haasi ese mamicronutrients anounganidza nenzira imwechete mumiviri yedu. Semuenzaniso, iyo inonyungudika mumvura (B uye C) mavhitaminzi anoburitswa muweti, saka zviitiko zvehupfu husingawanzo kuitika. Kune rumwe rutivi, kudya kwakanyanyisa kwevhitamini yakanyunguduka yemafuta (iyo inoungana mumafuta emuviri, akadai A, D, E uye K) inogona kukonzera hypervitaminosis.
Inogona kudzivirirwa uye kurapwa sei?
Kuburikidza nekudya zvakanyanya kuoma kuti zviitiko zve hypervitaminosis zviitike. Muchokwadi, kusaenzana mukudya kwekuMadokero kunoreva kuti isu hatina kukwana mune mamwe mavhitamini, pane kuwandisa. Saka kashoma kuti tiwane vhitamini kushungurudzwa, asi hazvigoneke.
Pane kudaro, kudya zvimwe zvekudya uye kuwedzera chikafu chinovaka muviri kunogona kutiita kuti tive neakawandisa mamwe mavhitamini. Tinofanira kunetseka pamusoro pezvose pamusoro pezvekuwedzera. Zvinokurudzirwa kuitora pasi pekurudziro uye kutariswa kwenyanzvi. Kana uine kudya kwakanaka uye kwakaringana, haufanire kutora vhitamini yekuwedzera.
Mumakore achangopfuura zvave fashoni kutora hove yechiropa mafuta kuti uwedzere kudya kwevhitamini A uye D, asi kushungurudzwa kunogona kukonzera matambudziko akakomba.
Muchiitiko chekuti tikawana chepfu nechero yevhitamini yatichakuudza nezve pazasi, zvichave zvakakwana kudzora chikafu chine vhitamini iri mubvunzo kubva pakudya kwako. Uyewo yeuka kuti kune zvigadzirwa zvinowedzera mamwe mavhitamini (akadai sezvinwiwa zvemiriwo kana yogati), saka nguva dzose tarisa zita racho kana uri kutora mavhitamini ekuwedzera, kudzivirira vhitamini yakawandisa.
Hypervitaminosis zvichienderana nerudzi rwevhitamini
Vitamin A
Iyi vhitamini ine akati wandei akakosha mabasa emuviri wemunhu, kunyanya iwo ekuumbwa kwemapfupa, mazino, ganda, membrane uye nyoro matishu. Inobatsirawo kuchengetedza retina yakanaka yeziso (retinol). Vitamin A muchimiro che retinol tinogona kuzviwana mukuwanda muchiropa chemhuka nemafuta ehove.
Mune fomu beta-carotene, tinoiwana mumarangi, sipinashi, melon, apricots kana broccoli, pamwe chete nemishonga yemukaka.
Kana isu tikatora yakawandisa vhitamini A munguva pfupi yenguva, acute toxicity inoitika. Inogona kuitika kuburikidza nekudya (nokuti hazvisi nyore kubvisa) kana kuburikidza nezvokudya zvinowedzera izvo zvirimo. Zviratidzo zvekutanga kusvotwa, dzungu, kurutsa, kuneta, kupera simba, kana kushaya chido chekudya. Izvo zviratidzo zvenguva pfupi uye zvinowanzopera mukati memazuva mashoma e "kushungurudzwa".
Hypervitaminosis A inogona kuitika kakawanda kune vanhu vane chiropa chishoma chekushanda nekuda kwekushandiswa kweimwe mishonga, nekuda kwehepatitis kana nekuda kweprotein kushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri.
Vitamin D
Vhitamini D haifanirwe kunge iripo mukudya kwedu. Nekuda kwekuratidzwa kwezuva kwakaringana isu tinokwanisa kuigadzira, ndosaka ichizivikanwawo se zuva vhitamini. Kunyange zvakadaro, zvinokurudzirwa kuisanganisira mukudya kuti uve nechokwadi chemazinga akakwana (pakati pe0 ne10 micrograms / zuva). The calciferol (D) Inowanikwa mune zvishoma muzvokudya zvakadai sebhota, kirimu, mukaka, zai yolk, kana chiropa.
Zvokudya zvakajairika hazviwanzopa huwandu hwakawandisa hwevhitamini D, saka zviitiko zve hypervitaminosis D hazviwanzoitiki. Asi chepfu haigoneki muvanhu vanodya zvakawanda zvinovaka muviri. Hazvidikanwi kutora vitamin D zvinowedzera, zvinongokurudzirwa kune vanhu vanozvidzivirira kubva kune chiedza chezuva, vanoshanda usiku kana vanogara munzvimbo dzisina zuva.
Kushungurudzwa kwevhitamini iyi kunogona kutungamirira kukuchinja kwehutano mumuviri. Zvinowanzoonekwa nemapfupa kana zvinyoro zvinyoro calcifications (zvakadai seitsvo nemapapu), uyewo zvinokonzera kusanzwa. Inogonawo kukonzera musoro uye kusvotwa.
Vitamin E
Ichi ndicho chimwe chevhitamini shoma ine chepfu, ndicho chikonzero isu tisingawanzonzwa nyaya dze hypervitaminosis E. Tinogona kuiwana mumafuta embeu, gorosi gorosi ndiyo inopfumisa. Kubvumirwa kwezuva nezuva kwevhitamini E kunoiswa pa15 mg yevakuru, uye zvishoma pasi pehafu yevana.
Sezvakaonekwa, chiyero chikuru che tocopherol inobvumirwa zvakanaka mumhuka nevanhu. Zvisinei, kudarika 1000 mg zuva rega rega kune vanhu vakuru, 600 mg yevechiri kuyaruka, uye pasi pe450 mg yevana nevacheche inogona kupindirana nemigumisiro yemamwe mavhitaminzi ane mafuta.
Zviratidzo zvinonyanya kuzivikanwa zvekuwandisa kwevhitamini E (zvinenge nguva dzose kubva kune zvekutengesa zvekudya zvinowedzera) idzungu, kurwadziwa mudumbu, manyoka, gasi, BP, uye kunyange kubuda ropa.
Vhitamini K
Vitamin K ine huvepo hukuru muropa coagulation maitiro. Ikoko hakunawo tsvakurudzo yakawanda inoongorora kutyisa kwevhitamini iyi, asi hypervitaminosis K (mumhuka) yakaonekwa ichikonzera kupererwa neropa uye kukanganisa kwakakomba kwetsinga uye chiropa.
Iyo yakakurudzirwa kudya kwevhitamini K ndeye 120 micrograms pazuva kune varume uye 90 mcg yevakadzi. Muvana, pakati pe55 ne60 mcg inokurudzirwa; nepo muvachiri kuyaruka iri 75 mcg.
Sezvo muviri wedu uchiunganidza vhitamini K pachawo, hazvidikanwi kuti titore zvinovaka muviri kuti tiiwane, chero bedzi tichidya kudya kunovaka uye kwakadzikama. Tinogona kuzviwana mumiriwo yakasvibirira (broccoli, kabichi kana lettuce), michero, zviyo, zvigadzirwa zvemukaka, mazai uye nyama.