Bhuruu ndiro rinonyanya kufarirwa ruvara munyika, asi hue yacho haiwanzo kuitika mumasikirwo, saka vagadziri vakatofanira kushandisa dhayi nemakemikari ekugadzira chikafu chebhuruu. Izvi zvinogona kuchinja munguva pfupi, ikozvino kuti yakasikwa yebhuruu pigment yakawanikwa mutsvuku makabheji.
Masayendisiti kubva kune yakakurumbira Mars Candy Corporation akawana zvisaririra zve anthocyanin, pigment inopa zvokudya zvitsvuku, zvishava, bhuruu, uye zvitema ruvara rwazvo, izvo zvaiva nekodhi yebhuruu. Vakakwanisa kuwedzera huwandu ihwohwo nekurapa anthocyanins ane ruvara rutsvuku mukabichi neameenzaemu yekugadzira iyo yakava bhuruu.
Muna 2016, Mars Wrigley akazivisa kuti icharega zvachose kushandisa mavara ekugadzira muzvigadzirwa zvayo zvekudya panosvika 2021. Asi vatsvakurudzi vekambani vanga vachitsvaga "blue" pigment yechisikigo yezvigadzirwa zvakadai. M&Ms uye Skittles kweanopfuura makore gumi nekubudirira kushoma.
Sei kabichi ichipa blue pigment?
Kuti azviedze, muongorori akashandisa bhuruu yake itsva kugadzira ice cream ye-cyan uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa, izvo vakachengeta ruvara rwavo kweinenge mwedzi.
Mavara ebhuruu ari kunyanya kushoma mune zvakasikwa. Vazhinji vavo vakatsvuka uye nepepuru. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti nhevedzano yezvimiro zvakaomarara zvemamolecular inodiwa kutora mafungu chaiwo echiedza kuti chipe chimwe chinhu chitarisiko chebhuruu, sekureva. New Scientist.
La red cabbage Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya sechikafu chekudya chemavara, kunyanya kugadzira matsvuku matsvuku uye epepuru. Asi huwandu hwebhuruu pigment mumuriwo idiki kwazvo kuti iite chinoshanda chikafu chemavara. Iyo inonyanya kutonga anthocyanin mutsvuku kabichi, zvisingashamisi, yakatsvuka. Vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti kana vakakwanisa kushandisa enzyme kushandura anthocyanin tsvuku kuva yebhuruu, vaizova nezvakawanda zvekushanda nazvo.
Asi kuwana musanganiswa chaiwo wemapuroteni kugadzira iyo enzyme rakanga risiri basa riri nyore. Ichishandisa nzira dzemakombuta, timu yakaongorora"nhamba huru yemapuroteni anotevedzana, 10 kusimba re20, [kana] kupfuura nhamba yenyeredzi dziri muchadenga", kugadzira iyo enzyme chaiyo.
Mhedzisiro ndeye cyan blue, maererano nemushumo wakabudiswa muna April 7 mumagazini yeScience Advances, iyo inogona kushandiswa seimwe nzira inogoneka kune yakagadzirwa nebhuruu chikafu chemavara.
Vaiongorora pigment yayo nekugadzira aizikirimu yebhuruu, maparera ane siwiti, uye icing yedonut. Zvese zvigadzirwa zvakachengetedza ruvara rwazvo rwemazuva makumi matatu, sekureva kweshumo, izvo zvisina kuratidza kuti vakaravira sei.
Zvimwe Zvikafu Izvo Zvakare Pigment Bhuruu
Kunyangwe iyo isati yatenderwa neFDA, iyo anthocyanin mukabichi inzira yechisikigo kune mavara ekugadzira uye mhinduro kune yebhuruu dhayi dambudziko rakatarisana neindasitiri yezvekudya kwenguva refu. Zvichienderana nepH mazinga, anthocyanins inogona kuoneka tsvuku, moradas, bhuruu kana kunyange nhema. Dzakawanda muzvokudya zvakadai cherries, cranberries, mazambiringa, Bhinzi dema uye chibage bhuruu.
Iyo yakajairika dhayi yebhuruu yekugadzira ndeyeBrilliant Blue FCF, inozivikanwawo seBlue Number 1. Inoshandiswa muzvinwiwa zvinyoro, candy yekotoni, ice cream, zviyo, uye kunyange Blue Curaçao liqueur, pamwe chete nemhando dzakasiyana dzesipo, shampoos, uye zvizorwa. Mumvuri wakarurama webhuruu unokoshawo pakugadzira mamwe mavara; kana zvisiri izvo, unozopedzisira wava nedhaka rebrown pane yegirinhi kana yepepuru.
Sekureva kweFDA, Brilliant Blue FCF haina kukuvadza kumuviri, asi nekuti inogadzirwa kubva kune zvigadzirwa zvinotorwa kubva petroleumKwete chaizvo hushamwari kune zvakatipoteredza, kana. Uye izvo zvisina kutorwa nemuviri zvinodzokera kuvhu nemvura yakaraswa.
Gore rapfuura, masayendisiti eCambridge akawana chirimwa chine nzira yekugadzira bhuruu yakafanana neiyo inoshandiswa neshiri, zvipembenene nemashavishavi. viburnum tinnitus, shrub yakajairika yokuEurope, inoshandisa mafuta ari mumadziro emasero ayo kuita kuti muchero wacho uve bhuruu yesimbi inokatyamadza.
Mazhinji mavara muchisikigo anokonzerwa nepigment, asi mamwe anopenya zvakanyanya, senge minhenga yepikoko, mapapiro eshavishavi, uye opals, anobva mukuumbwa kwemukati. Izvi zvinozivikanwa se ruvara kurongeka uye marongerwo azvakaita zvivako zvinosarudza kuti ndeapi mavara aanogona kuratidza.