Imvelaphi ye-chip yamazambane iphikisana kakhulu, abanye bethi yadalwa ngengozi umpheki owapheka ngokweqile i-oda lamafrimu aseFrance ngo-1853. Abanye bathi iresiphi yavela cishe ngo-1817 encwadini kaWilliam Kitchiner, I-Oracle kaCook.
Kunoma yikuphi, esingavumelana ngakho sonke ukuthi amazambane kufanele abe namafutha afanele okuthosa.
Ngokuqaphela impilo ekhulayo kanye nokwengezwa kwemikhiqizo emisha ngaphezu kwe-Lay's ne-Pringles evamile emashalofini esitolo, izinhlobo zisebenzisa amanye amafutha kumafutha e-canola, ubhekilanga noma amafutha ommbila.
Izinhlobo Zamaphuzu Entuthu
Iphoyinti lentuthu izinga lokushisa elizoyeka ukukhazimula amafutha, uphawu lokuthi liyashisa futhi selilungele ukusetshenziswa, futhi lizoqala ukushunqa, lidale intuthu futhi liholele esimweni esinganambithisiseki nesingaba yingozi. Asidingi ukubamba ngekhanda amaphuzu entuthu, kodwa lapho sikhetha ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwamafutha olulungele ukuthi iyiphi inhloso, kungaba usizo ukuhlukanisa umhlaba omkhulu wamafutha okupheka namafutha abe ngamaqembu amathathu amakhulu:
- Amafutha we izinga lokushisa eliphansi noma elingekho ngokuvamile ane-flavour futhi ayicwengiwe. Lawa mafutha anezindawo eziphansi zentuthu futhi kufanele agcinelwe amasoso, okokugqoka, nama-drizzles lapho ukunambitheka kwawo nephunga kungakhanya khona. Ngokuvamile, lapho uwoyela engacwengisiswanga kancane, iphoyinti lawo lentuthu liyancipha futhi libe lifushane isikhathi salo seshelufu. Angase ahambe ngokushisa kwekamelo. Ezinye izibonelo ngamafutha kasesame athosiwe, amafutha e-perilla, amafutha ezithelo afana ne-hazelnut kanye ne-walnut noma i-linseed oil.
- Amafutha namafutha izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nendawo angakwazi ukumelana nezikhathi ezifushane zokushisa, njengalapho e-sautéing noma e-browning ngokushesha, futhi azofaka ukunambitheka kunoma yini oyiphekayo. Ezinye izibonelo isinqumelo, ukufinyezwa kwemifino, amafutha kakotapheya angalungisiwe, amafutha omnqumo e-extra virgin, amafutha kakhukhunathi angalungisiwe.
- Amafutha we izinga lokushisa eliphakeme zivame ukuba ne-flavour engathathi hlangothi futhi zicwengisiswe kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuthi zinamaphoyinti aphezulu entuthu, angakwazi ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu ezicelweni ezifana nokuthosa, ukuthosa, nokuthosa. Ezinye izibonelo ngamafutha kabhekilanga, amafutha e-safflower, amafutha ommbila, amafutha e-soya, amafutha e-canola, amafutha e-peanut, amafutha e-rice bran, amafutha omnqumo alula noma ahlungiwe.
Amafutha emifino izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, nendawo yentuthu phakathi kuka-204ºC no-260ºC. Ezindleleni eziningi zokupheka, kusukela enkukhu ethosiwe kuya kuma-donuts, umgomo uwukuthosa emafutheni cishe ku-176 °, okusho ukuthi amafutha emifino angeke athole noma yikuphi eduze kwe-smokey.
Amafutha anephuzu eliphezulu lentuthu
Nakuba ezinye zinempilo kunezinye, leyo esetshenziselwa ama-French fries ngeke yenze umehluko omkhulu wokudla okunomsoco, futhi ngeke yenze umehluko omkhulu empilweni yonke. Indaba ukuthi, izinhlobo eziningi ezifuna amafutha anempilo, njengokwatapheya noma uwoyela we-olive, nazo zivame ukuba nohlu olufushane lwesithako, ngakho-ke maningi amathuba okuthi ungatholi noma yimiphi imibala yokwenziwa noma ama-flavour ongayithola emaphaketheni endabuko. .
Njenganoma yisiphi isiphuzo esiphundu, inani olidlayo liyisihluthulelo futhi ama-chips anokwatapheya noma amafutha omnqumo angase abe okukhethwa kukho okunempilo, kodwa ekugcineni, awukudla okufanele kujatshulelwe ngokulinganisela, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amafutha asetshenzisiwe.
Uma kufanele ngithose ekhaya, ukukhetha kwami kungaba uwoyela we-avocado ngenxa yezinzuzo zezempilo kanye nekhono lokumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu. I-extra virgin oil iyindlela elandelayo engcono kakhulu, njengoba amafutha kakhukhunathi anephesenti eliphezulu lamafutha agcwele, ahlotshaniswa nesifo senhliziyo lapho edliwa ngobuningi.
Futhi, kufanele ubheke ukuthi ufaka usawoti ongakanani nokuthi udla kangakanani. Ngokulinganisela kuyisihluthulelo sokuba nempilo.
Amafutha e-Avocado
Lolu hlobo lwenziwe nge-pulp ye-avocado, futhi izinzuzo zalo zezempilo zihlanganisa ukwehlisa i-cholesterol nokuthuthukisa impilo yenhliziyo. Icebile ngamafutha anempilo, uvithamini A kanye ne-lutein, i-antioxidant yamehlo. Yakhiwe ngamaphesenti angama-71 ama-monounsaturated fatty acids anenhliziyo enempilo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lentuthu (271ºC) kuwo wonke amafutha okupheka ezitshalo.
Amafutha anikeza ukunambitheka kukakotapheya okunoshukela omncane, okuwenza ulungele uphudingi othosiwe kakhulu kunenkukhu ethosiwe.
Amafutha amakinati
Uwoyela wamakinati uyinketho ethandwayo yokuthosa, ngenxa yephuzu eliphezulu lentuthu kanye nokunambitheka kwamantongomane. Eqinisweni, kungamafutha okuya kuwo erestshurenti ye-Five Guys yokudla okusheshayo, yingakho amathongo awo emnandi futhi ebhotela.
Futhi, ijeke elikhulu lamafutha e-peanut, elifanele ukuthoswa, cishe libiza ngaphansi kwe-€ 15 futhi lizohlala isikhathi eside. Iphoyinti layo lentuthu lingama-232ºC.
Amafutha omnqumo
Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi uma kusetshenziselwa ukuthosa ukudla, akuthinti inani lokudla okunempilo njengamanye amafutha. Eqinisweni, olunye ucwaningo lwathola ukuthi ukuthosa ukudla ngamafutha omnqumo amsulwa kusiza ukudla kugcine imisoco eminingi kunalapho kubiliswa ukudla.
Amafutha omnqumo angamafutha amahle kakhulu ezidingweni eziningi zokuthosa. Inephuzu eliphansi lentuthu kunamanye amafutha (cishe ngo-190ºC), ngakho ifaneleka kangcono izinto ezifana nemifino e-sautéing noma ukuthosa izinqamu zenyama. Khumbula ukuthi ayinakho ukunambitheka kokungathathi hlangothi, ngakho-ke izofaka ukunambitheka kwezitsha.
Amafutha kakhukhunathi
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamafutha kakhukhunathi: ingxenye ye-hydrogenated, ecwengiwe, kanye nentombi. Kulaba abathathu, amafutha kakhukhunathi ayintombi abhekwa njengezinzuzo eziningi zezempilo, njengoba esuswa ngaphandle kwezinqubo zamakhemikhali ezingezona ezemvelo ezivela esithelweni samakhukhunathi amasha, avuthiwe.
Nakuba kuwusizo kakhulu, uwoyela kakhukhunathi oyintombi-ntombi awuyona inketho etholakala kalula ezitolo ezinkulu.
Uma sizoyisebenzisa, kufanele sikwenze ngokulinganisela, ngoba yandisa i-cholesterol “enhle” ye-HDL emzimbeni. Ngakho-ke qiniseka ukuthi ubheka ukuthi hlobo luni lwamafutha kakhukhunathi asesikhwameni sakho sama-chips.
Amafutha angcono kakhulu e-air fryer
Uma uthosa ukudla ku-Air Fryer, sizofuna ukucabangela izici ezintathu ezifanayo njengalapho ukuthosa: indawo yentuthu, ukunambitheka, kanye nenani. Kodwa njengoba izithosa zomoya zidinga kuphela inani elincane lamafutha ukuze kukhiqizwe ukudla, i-aerosol noma amafutha e-spray zingcono kakhulu ekusakazeni amafutha ngokulinganayo kunezimbiza zendabuko noma izimbiza.
Ibhodlela lesifutho sokupheka lingenza umdlalo wokupheka onempilo futhi lengeze ukudla okumnandi ezitsheni zethu eziyintandokazi.
Amafutha okuthosa
Uma sithosa, asisoze sasebenzisa amafutha anephuzu eliphansi lentuthu. Lokho kusho ukuthi amafutha omnqumo engeziwe (190ºC indawo yentuthu), uwoyela kakhukhunathi (176ºC), uwoyela we-flaxseed (104ºC) namafutha angacolisisiwe akufanelekile ukuthoswa.
Lawa mafutha angabiza kakhulu, ngakho-ke singase sifune ukuwagcinela izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho sizowanambitha ngempela, njengezingubo zesaladi, ama-drizzles, kanye nokucwilisa isinkwa esisha.
Ibhotela (148ºC), isinqumelo (190ºC) kanye nokufinyeza (182ºC) nakho kunamaphoyinti aphansi entuthu okuwenza afanelekele kangcono ukubhaka nokugazinga. Uma sifuna ngempela ukunambitheka kwebhotela ekudleni, sizokuhlanganisa namafutha ephuzu lentuthu ephakeme noma sincibilikise ibhotela esitsheni ngemva kokuqeda ukupheka.
Amafutha amabi kakhulu okuthosa
Uma amafutha okupheka angcono kakhulu eqinile ngokwemvelo, enganambitheki, futhi ebiza kakhulu, amafutha okupheka amabi kakhulu anephunga elimnandi, ayazwela, futhi ayabiza.
Noma yimuphi uwoyela esingawusebenzisa njengendlela yokuqeda esikhundleni sokupheka (uwoyela wesesame othosiwe, uwoyela we-flaxseed, uwoyela we-hazelnut othosiwe) kufanele ubekelwe izicelo zokushisa eziphansi noma ezingekho. Ngokuvamile silondoloza amafutha omnqumo engeziwe, esiwabiza ekuphekeni okuningi, ekusetshenzisweni kokushisa okumaphakathi noma izikhathi ezimfushane emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
Wonke lawa mafutha abizayo aziswa kakhulu uma kuboniswa izimfanelo zawo ezihlukahlukene: awekho ezingeni elingcono kakhulu lapho eshiswa isikhathi eside (futhi ngenxa yokuthi anentuthu ephansi, ukupheka ngawo emazingeni okushisa aphakeme nakho kungaba yingozi. ) yingozi). Sizobashiyela isinkwa esihle, isaladi elihle, indishi yerayisi elishisayo noma inkomishi yesobho elishisayo, bese sikushiya ukuthosa emafutheni emifino.