Kanye xa siqala ukuziva sinethemba ngakumbi malunga nobhubhane, ngenxa yokwamkelwa kunye nokukhululwa kwezitofu zokugonya ezimbini (kunye nangaphezulu nangaphezulu), kukho i-bogeyman entsha emhlabeni. Ewe, ezimbini ukuba zibe ngokuchanekileyo. Sithetha ngeendlela ezimbini ezintsha ze-coronavirus ezivele kwi-coronavirus EUnited Kingdom ngoSeptemba (ukwahluka B.1.1.7) kunye EMzantsi Afrika ngo-Oktobha (ukwahluka B.1.351).
Ukwahluka kuthetha ukuba intsholongwane itshintshile okanye itshintshile. Oku kunokuchaphazela ukosuleleka kwayo okanye ubunzima bayo. Ezinye iinguqulelo zemfuza ziyanyamalala, ngelixa ezinye ziqhubeka nokusulela abantu.
Ngokutsho kweengcali, kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezintsha ze-covid ezijikeleza kwihlabathi jikelele. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zimbini zixhalabisa ngokukodwa ngenxa yeengxelo ezithi inokosulela ngakumbi. Ziqulethe uguquko oluthile olubizwa ngokuba yi-N501Y enokuvumela intsholongwane ukuba iphindaphindeke ngokukhawuleza kwiiseli zephecana lokuphefumla.
Idatha yokuqala yase-UK isaphantsi kohlaziyo loontanga (inkqubo efunekayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe iindlela ezisetyenziswe kuphando) kuqikelelwa ukuba Ukwahluka kwe-UK yi-56 yepesenti yosulelo ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa nokwahluka kwangaphambili kwe-coronavirus. Oko kwahlukile kuqikelelo lokuqala lwase-UK ukuba yayinosulelo olungaphezulu ngeepesenti ezingama-70, kodwa okwangoku asikazi.
Uqikelelo lusekwe kwiimodeli zemathematika, ezinezithintelo, kwaye inyaniso yeyokuba ezi zintlukwano azizange zibekho ixesha elide ngokwaneleyo, ngoko ke idatha eninzi iyafuneka ukwazi ukuba iyosulela ngakumbi.
Into emalunga nokwahluka kukuba ngokwenene kulindelekile. Zonke iintsholongwane ziyatshintsha. Njengoko ziphindaphinda emzimbeni, intsholongwane ivelisa ngakumbi "iintsana zentsholongwane," ezinokubangela iimpazamo zokuphindaphinda kwizinto zakho zofuzo. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku akuyi ndawo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha olu tshintsho lwenza ukuba intsholongwane isasazeke ngokulula ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye.
Kwi-coronavirus, kunokubakho utshintsho oluncinci kwenye yeeproteni ze-spike (amagwegwe amancinci ajikeleze umphezulu wayo), eyivumela ukuba ibambelele ngakumbi kwiiproteni zomntu okanye ii-receptors ukuba zibosulele.
Nangona iingcali ziphawula ukuba ezi zantlukwano azibonakali ngathi zibulala kakhulu okanye zibangela isifo esiqatha, zinokubangela ukufa okungakumbi ukuba zinokosulela abantu abaninzi. Ingxaki isekwinani labantu abosulelekayo.
Ngaba isitofu sokugonya se-COVID-19 sisebenza ngokuchasene neentlobo ezintsha?
Ngamafutshane, iingcali zichaza ukuba akukho bungqina bokuba ulwahlulo luchaphazela indlela isitofu sokugonya esisebenza ngayo. Enyanisweni, idatha entsha icebisa ukuba Isitofu sokugonya se-Pfizer-BioNTech siya kusebenza ngokuchasene noguqulo lwe-N501Y kuzo zombini ii-UK kunye noMzantsi Afrika ezahlukeneyo. Olu phononongo lukwangenxa yokuphononongwa koontanga, kodwa oku kuqinisekisa iindaba zokuqala.
Nangona kunjalo, yinto efuna ixesha elingakumbi ukuze wazi ngokwenene. Kwaye izazinzulu ziphezu kwayo.
Ukwahluka kwe-UK kunye noMzantsi Afrika ngoku kuyavavanywa ngesera kwizigulana ezigonyiweyo ukufumanisa ukuba kukho nayiphi na ilahleko kwisithintelo sentsholongwane xa kuthelekiswa neendawo ezizimeleyo ze-SARS-CoV-2 zangaphambili. Kodwa, ukulandelelana kokwahluka akubonisi ukuba bayakusinda ekuthinteleni ngogonyo.
Ndiyathetha, kukhangeleka ngathi izitofu zokugonya zisazokukhusela. Izitofu zokugonya ziyasebenza evuselelayo tamajoni akho omzimba ukuvelisa amajoni omzimba ngokuchasene namacandelo ahlukeneyo eprotheni ye-spike.
Iiyantlukwano ziluchaphazela njani uvavanyo lwe-COVID?
Utshintsho lunokuchaphazela iziphumo zolunye uvavanyo lwe-COVID-19. Uvavanyo olujonga imathiriyeli yemfuza yentsholongwane eye yatshintshwa lutshintsho inokuvelisa isiphumo bubuxoki (kungelo xesha wosulelekile, kodwa uvavanyo luthi hayi).
Umngcipheko we-negative engeyonyani uphantsi, kodwa unokwenzeka ngovavanyo lwe-Accula SARS-Cov-2, i-TaqPath COVID-19 Combination Kit, kunye ne-COVID-19 Online Assay Kit.
Ukuba ugqirha wakho usebenzisa olunye lwezi vavanyo, kodwa usakrokrela ukuba une-COVID-19 ngokusekwe kwiimpawu zakho kunye nedatha evela kwindawo okuyo, unokugqiba ukwenza uvavanyo olwahlukileyo nje ukuze uqiniseke.
Ungazikhusela njani kwiintlobo ezintsha ze-coronavirus?
Ukwahluka okunokuthi ukosuleleka ngakumbi kuthetha ukuba kubaluleke ngakumbi ukugcina zonke ezo ndlela zintle zempilo yoluntu, njengokunxiba imaski, ukuhlamba izandla, ukunciphisa indibano yangaphakathi yangaphakathi, ukugcina umgama wokuhlala, kunye nokugonywa xa ilithuba lakho.
Ngenani lamatyala esiwabonayo ngoku, ndiyakholelwa ukuba lonke ithuba lokuvala umnyango lithuba elihle. Zama ukubamba kangangoko unako ngaphakathi endlwini, njengoko kukho amathuba aphezulu okuba intsholongwane idlule isuka komnye umntu iye komnye. Okukhona abantu besenza loo nto ngaxeshanye, kokukhona sinokuyithoba isantya.